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Lisp originally had very few control structures, but many more were added during the language's evolution. (Lisp's original conditional operator, cond, is the precursor to later if-then-else structures.) Programmers in the Scheme dialect often express loops using tail recursion. Scheme's commonality in academic computer science has led some ...
Objective-C: Application, general Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Concurrent No OCaml: Application, general Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Occam: General Yes No No Yes No No Concurrent, process-oriented: No Opa: Web applications Yes No Yes No Yes No Distributed No OpenLisp: General, Embedded Lisp Engine Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Optionally ISLISP: Oxygene ...
Common Lisp is sometimes termed a Lisp-2 and Scheme a Lisp-1, referring to CL's use of separate namespaces for functions and variables. (In fact, CL has many namespaces, such as those for go tags, block names, and loop keywords). There is a long-standing controversy between CL and Scheme advocates over the tradeoffs involved in multiple namespaces.
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Statically and dynamically scoped Lisp dialect developed by a loose formation of industrial and academic Lisp users and developers across Europe; the standardizers intended to create a new Lisp "less encumbered by the past" (compared to Common Lisp), and not so minimalist as Scheme, and to integrate the object-oriented programming paradigm well ...
C, C++: Qt: GPL: Unknown Yes Yes Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Yes Unknown Unknown Yes Yes [citation needed] Bazaar, CVS, Git, Mercurial, Perforce, SVN: Unknown Microsoft Visual Studio (formerly Python Tools for Visual Studio [53]) Microsoft 16.9 2021-03-02 Windows: C++ and C#: Windows Forms and WPF, through IronPython
Objective-C and Objective-C++ support optional reference counting and garbage collection as alternatives to manual memory management (Apple deprecated the garbage collector). PostScript originally required developers to manually reclaim memory using the save and restore operators.
The Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) is the facility for object-oriented programming in ANSI Common Lisp. CLOS is a powerful dynamic object system which differs radically from the OOP facilities found in more static languages such as C++ or Java .