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  2. Errors and residuals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errors_and_residuals

    Concretely, in a linear regression where the errors are identically distributed, the variability of residuals of inputs in the middle of the domain will be higher than the variability of residuals at the ends of the domain: [9] linear regressions fit endpoints better than the middle.

  3. Least absolute deviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_absolute_deviations

    Least absolute deviations (LAD), also known as least absolute errors (LAE), least absolute residuals (LAR), or least absolute values (LAV), is a statistical optimality criterion and a statistical optimization technique based on minimizing the sum of absolute deviations (also sum of absolute residuals or sum of absolute errors) or the L 1 norm of such values.

  4. Mean absolute error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_absolute_error

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  5. Least squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_squares

    The result of fitting a set of data points with a quadratic function Conic fitting a set of points using least-squares approximation. The method of least squares is a parameter estimation method in regression analysis based on minimizing the sum of the squares of the residuals (a residual being the difference between an observed value and the fitted value provided by a model) made in the ...

  6. Residual sum of squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual_sum_of_squares

    In statistics, the residual sum of squares (RSS), also known as the sum of squared residuals (SSR) or the sum of squared estimate of errors (SSE), is the sum of the squares of residuals (deviations predicted from actual empirical values of data). It is a measure of the discrepancy between the data and an estimation model, such as a linear ...

  7. Iteratively reweighted least squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iteratively_reweighted...

    IRLS is used to find the maximum likelihood estimates of a generalized linear model, and in robust regression to find an M-estimator, as a way of mitigating the influence of outliers in an otherwise normally-distributed data set, for example, by minimizing the least absolute errors rather than the least square errors.

  8. Root mean square deviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_mean_square_deviation

    These deviations are called residuals when the calculations are performed over the data sample that was used for estimation (and are therefore always in reference to an estimate) and are called errors (or prediction errors) when computed out-of-sample (aka on the full set, referencing a true value rather than an estimate). The RMSD serves to ...

  9. Studentized residual - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studentized_residual

    On the other hand, the internally studentized residuals are in the range , where ν = n − m is the number of residual degrees of freedom. If t i represents the internally studentized residual, and again assuming that the errors are independent identically distributed Gaussian variables, then: [2]