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On young plants, the leaves are needle-like, becoming small and scale-like on mature plants of many genera; some genera and species retain needle-like leaves throughout their lives. [1] Old leaves are mostly not shed individually, but in small sprays of foliage ( cladoptosis ); [ 1 ] exceptions are leaves on the shoots that develop into branches.
The great majority of conifer genera and species are evergreen, retaining their leaves for several (2–40) years before falling, but unusual deciduous conifers occur in five genera (Larix, Pseudolarix, Glyptostrobus, Metasequoia and Taxodium), shedding their leaves in autumn and leafless through the winter.
A silver fir shoot showing three successive years of retained leaves. Evergreen . In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year. [1] This contrasts with deciduous plants, which lose their foliage completely during the winter or dry season. Consisting of many different species, the ...
Fossil conifers included many diverse forms, the most dramatically distinct from modern conifers being some herbaceous conifers with no woody stems. [6] Major fossil orders of conifers or conifer-like plants include the Cordaitales, Vojnovskyales, Voltziales and perhaps also the Czekanowskiales (possibly more closely related to the Ginkgophyta).
Plants that are intermediate may be called semi-deciduous; they lose old foliage as new growth begins. [10] Other plants are semi-evergreen and lose their leaves before the next growing season, retaining some during winter or dry periods. [11] Like a number of other deciduous plants, Forsythia flowers during the leafless season.
Larix laricina, commonly known as the tamarack, [3] hackmatack, [3] eastern larch, [3] black larch, [3] red larch, [3] or American larch, [3] is a species of larch native to Canada, from eastern Yukon and Inuvik, Northwest Territories east to Newfoundland, and also south into the upper northeastern United States from Minnesota to Cranesville Swamp, West Virginia; there is also an isolated ...
Duration of leaves: Deciduous – leaves are shed after the growing season. Evergreen – leaves are retained throughout the year, sometimes for several years. Fugacious – lasting for a short time: soon falling away from the parent plant. Marcescent – dead leaves, calyx, or petals are persistent and retained. Persistent – see Marcescence ...
The flowers are 3–6 cm (1.2–2.4 in) across, trumpet shaped, white with yellow stripes and purple spots inside; they grow in panicles of 10–30. The fruit is a long, thin legume -like capsule, 20–40 cm (7.9–15.7 in) long and 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in) in diameter; it turns brown in the fall and often stays attached to tree during ...