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The ergot sclerotium contains high concentrations (up to 2% of dry mass) of the alkaloid ergotamine, a complex molecule consisting of a tripeptide-derived cyclol-lactam ring connected via amide linkage to a lysergic acid (ergoline) moiety, and other alkaloids of the ergoline group that are biosynthesized by the fungus. [11]
Fragile and movable rings can appear to vanish so examining the stem for traces of a ring zone [10] (or annular zone) [11] or the base for a detached ring can sometimes be helpful. Various combinations of these terms can be used to best describe the nature of the ring in a particular species. Some common descriptions of the type of ring include ...
Scleroderma citrinum, commonly known as the common earthball, [1] pigskin poison puffball, [2] or common earth ball, [3] is a species of earthball fungus found in Europe and in North America. It is the most common species of earthball fungus in the UK and occurs widely in woods, heathland and in short grass from autumn to winter.
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa cells, Methylene blue stain, magnification 400x. Rhodotorula is a genus of fungi in the class Microbotryomycetes.Most species are known in their yeast states which produce orange to red colonies when grown on Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA).
the texture of the stipe (fibrous, brittle, chalky, leathery, firm, etc.) whether it has remains of a partial veil (such as an annulus (ring) or cortina) or universal veil ; whether the stipes of many mushrooms fuse at their base; its general size and shape; whether the stipe extends underground in a root-like structure (a rhizome)
The use of an optical microscope can reveal further details: the spores are oblong when seen in side view, and oblong to oval in frontal view, with dimensions of 10.5–15 by 6.5–8.5 μm. The basidia (spore bearing cells of the hymenium ), are 20–31 by 5–9 μm, four-spored, and have clamps at their bases; there are no basidia found on the ...
The roots of A. ferox supply the Nepalese poison called bikh, bish, or nabee. It contains large quantities of the alkaloid pseudaconitine, which is a deadly poison. The root of A. luridum, of the Himalaya, is said to be as poisonous as that of A. ferox or A. napellus. [4] Several species of Aconitum have been used as arrow poisons.
In lichens and other fungi, the sorus is surrounded by an external layer. In some red algae, it may take the form of depression into the thallus. In ferns, the sori form a yellowish or brownish mass on the edge or underside of a fertile frond.