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Stages of play is a theory and classification of children's participation in play developed by Mildred Parten Newhall in her 1929 dissertation. [1] Parten observed American preschool age (ages 2 to 5) children at free play (defined as anything unrelated to survival, production or profit). Parten recognized six different types of play:
The seminal text in the field of play studies is the book Homo Ludens first published in 1944 with several subsequent editions, in which Johan Huizinga defines play as follows: [2]: 13 Summing up the formal characteristic of play, we might call it a free activity standing quite consciously outside "ordinary" life as being "not serious" but at ...
Learning through play is a term used in education and psychology to describe how a child can learn to make sense of the world around them. Through play children can develop social and cognitive skills, mature emotionally, and gain the self-confidence required to engage in new experiences and environments.
Through play a child develops important areas of feeling and connecting, sensing and moving, listening and talking, and thinking and remembering. From play, kids can develop all sorts of skills ...
Providing adequate physical play experiences, opportunities for physical activity and movement in early years can enhance physical development in children. Many health and behavioural issues including difficulties with toilet training and postural disorders are strongly linked to the children’s lack of physical activity.
Although physical growth is a highly regular process, all children differ tremendously in the timing of their growth spurts. [69] Studies are being done to analyze how the differences in these timings affect and are related to other variables of developmental psychology such as information processing speed.
The Association for the Study of Play emerged from a meeting of scholars of play held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on April 14, 1973. The meeting was organized and chaired by Alyce Taylor Cheska (1921-2012), who was Head of the Department of Women's Physical Education at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (then the University of Illinois) and an affiliate professor in the ...
Parallel play is the first of three stages of play observed in young children. The other two stages include simple social play (playing and sharing together), and finally cooperative play (different complementary roles; shared purpose). The research by Parten indicated that preschool children prefer groups of two, parallel play was less likely ...