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Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. [1] Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in the cities.
Church Farm in Norfolk, England Typical plan of a medieval English manor, showing the use of field strips. A farm (also called an agricultural holding) is an area of land that is devoted primarily to agricultural processes with the primary objective of producing food and other crops; it is the basic facility in food production. [1]
Subsistence agriculture was the dominant mode of production in the world until recently, [when?] when market-based capitalism became widespread. [4]Subsistence agriculture largely disappeared in Europe by the beginning of the twentieth century.
Agricultural science (or agriscience for short [1]) is a broad multidisciplinary field of biology that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture.
Shade-grown coffee, a form of polyculture (an example of sustainable agriculture) in imitation of natural ecosystems. Trees provide resources for the coffee plants such as shade, nutrients, and soil structure; the farmers harvest coffee and timber.
Alley cropping of maize and sweet chestnut, Dordogne, France Maize grown under Faidherbia albida and Borassus akeassii near Banfora, Burkina Faso. Agroforestry (also known as agro-sylviculture or forest farming) is a land use management system that integrates trees with crops or pasture.
A farmer of the Hani minority, famous for their rice terraced mountains in Yuanyang County, Yunnan A female tractor driver in China depicted in a 1964 poster. The People's Republic of China (PRC) primarily produces rice, wheat, potatoes, tomatoes, sorghum, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, cotton, oilseed, corn and soybeans.
Regenerative agriculture is a conservation and rehabilitation approach to food and farming systems. It focuses on topsoil regeneration, increasing biodiversity, [1] improving the water cycle, [2] enhancing ecosystem services, supporting biosequestration, [3] increasing resilience to climate change, and strengthening the health and vitality of farm soil.