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At the Vienna summit on 4 June 1961, tensions rose. Meeting with US President John F. Kennedy, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev reissued the Soviet ultimatum to sign a separate peace treaty with East Germany and thus end the existing four-power agreements guaranteeing American, British, and French rights to access West Berlin and the occupation of East Berlin by Soviet forces. [1]
1961 1974 Angolan War of Independence Part of the Portuguese Colonial War: FNLA UNITA MPLA FLEC Portugal South Africa: 1961 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion Cuba United States Brigade 2506: 1961 1962 French military rebellion in Algeria [19] [20] Part of the Algerian War France: OAS: 1961 1990 Nicaraguan Revolution: FSLN: Contras Nicaragua: 1961 1961 ...
Frederic LeRoy Pryor (April 23, 1933 – September 2, 2019) [1] [2] was an American economist. While studying in Berlin during the partition of the city in 1961, he was imprisoned in East Germany for six months, then released in a Cold War "spy swap" that also involved downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers and Soviet intelligence officer Rudolf Abel.
Texas Archive War: Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers: Thomas I. Smith / Eli Chandler 0 Failure [11] 1844 Regulator–Moderator War: Texas Militia: Travis G. Broocks / Alexander Horton Unknown Accomplished [12] 1857 Cart War: Texas Militia: Unknown 0 Accomplished [13] 1886 Laredo Election Riot Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers. Texas Militia ...
This is a list of wars involving Germany from 962. It includes the Holy Roman Empire, Confederation of the Rhine, the German Confederation, the North German Confederation, the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, the German Democratic Republic (DDR, "East Germany") and the present Federal Republic of Germany (BRD, until German reunification in 1990 known as "West Germany").
The political history of East Germany had four periods: [80] 1949–1961, which saw the building of socialism; 1961–1970, after the Berlin Wall closed off escape, was a period of stability and consolidation; 1971–1985 was termed the "Honecker Era", and saw closer ties with West Germany; and 1985–1990 saw the decline and extinction of East ...
A Deutsche Reichsbahn official inspects the escape tunnel beneath Berlin Wollankstraße station in January 1962.. Republikflucht (German pronunciation: [ʁepuˈbliːkˌflʊxt] ⓘ; German for "desertion from the republic") was the colloquial term in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) for illegal emigration to West Germany, West Berlin, and non-Warsaw Pact countries; the official ...
East Germany's political and economic system reflected its status as a part of the Eastern Bloc of Soviet-allied Communist countries, with the nation ruled by the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) and operating with a command economy for 41 years until 3 October 1990 when East and West Germany were unified with the former being absorbed ...