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  2. Joseph Dixon (inventor) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Dixon_(inventor)

    Joseph Dixon (1799–1869) was an inventor, entrepreneur and the founder of what became the Dixon Ticonderoga Company, a well-known manufacturer of pencils in the United States. His fascination with new technologies led to many innovations such as a mirror for a camera that was the forerunner of the viewfinder , a patented double-crank steam ...

  3. Joseph Hardtmuth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Hardtmuth

    In 1792, Hardtmuth established a pencil factory in Vienna after he succeeded in creating an artificial graphite pencil by mixing powdered graphite with clay. Until that time, whole pieces, cut from graphite, were glued in between wood and were imported from England. With the new method, graphite of inferior quality could be used in pencil ...

  4. Pencil drawing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pencil_drawing

    Pencil drawings were not known before the 17th century, [1] with the modern concept of pencil drawings taking shape in the 18th and 19th centuries. [1] Pencil drawings succeeded the older metalpoint drawing stylus, which used metal instead of graphite. [1] Modern artists continue to use the graphite pencil for artworks and sketches. [1]

  5. Koh-i-Noor Hardtmuth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koh-i-Noor_Hardtmuth

    The company was founded in 1790 by Joseph Hardtmuth (1758–1816) of Austria. In 1802, the company patented the first pencil lead made from a combination of kaolin and graphite . In 1848, Joseph's sons, Karl and Ludwig, took over the family business, and the production was relocated to the Bohemian city of Budweis ( České Budějovice , within ...

  6. Conté - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conté

    Conté crayons Page from a sketchbook using black Conté. Conté (/ ˈ k ɒ n t eɪ, ˈ k ɒ n t i /; [1] French pronunciation:), also known as Conté sticks or Conté crayons, are a drawing medium composed of compressed powdered graphite or charcoal mixed with a clay base, square in cross-section.

  7. Graphite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphite

    It stems from γράφειν ("graphein"), meaning to write or draw in Ancient Greek. [16] [59] From the 16th century, all pencils were made with leads of English natural graphite, but modern pencil lead is most commonly a mix of powdered graphite and clay; it was invented by Nicolas-Jacques Conté in 1795.

  8. New Jersey's General Pencil Pours Its Heart Into Art - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/2014-08-05-this-built-america...

    Video by Tyler Ribble A rhythmic mechanical whir emanates from the basement of a century-old brick building on Fleet Street in a Jersey City neighborhood that's gentrifying as luxury lofts take ...

  9. Sketch (drawing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketch_(drawing)

    Sketches can be made in any drawing medium. The term is most often applied to graphic work executed in a dry medium such as silverpoint, graphite, pencil, charcoal or pastel. It may also apply to drawings executed in pen and ink, digital input such as a digital pen, ballpoint pen, marker pen, water colour and oil paint.