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Prediabetes, often considered the step before diabetes, is when you have higher than usual blood glucose (blood sugar) levels. Your levels aren’t high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes.
One of the most common drugs used in T2D, metformin is the drug of choice to help patients lower their blood sugar levels. Metformin is an example of a class of medicine called biguanides. [35] The medication works by reducing the new creation of glucose from the liver and by reducing absorption of sugar from food. [35]
Prediabetes is a component of metabolic syndrome and is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels that fall below the threshold to diagnose diabetes mellitus.It usually does not cause symptoms but people with prediabetes often have obesity (especially abdominal or visceral obesity), dyslipidemia with high triglycerides and/or low HDL cholesterol, and hypertension. [1]
Some studies have shown delayed progression to diabetes in predisposed patients through prophylactic use of metformin, [17] [5] rosiglitazone, [18] or valsartan. [19] Lifestyle interventions are, however, more effective than metformin alone at preventing diabetes regardless of weight loss, [20] though evidence suggests that lifestyle interventions and metformin together can be effective ...
Drugs used in diabetes treat types of diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin , most GLP-1 receptor agonists ( liraglutide , exenatide , and others), and pramlintide , all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic agents.
The primary treatment for insulin resistance is exercise and weight loss. [59] Both metformin and thiazolidinediones improve insulin sensitivity. Metformin is approved for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes and has become one of the more commonly prescribed medications for insulin resistance. [60]
A 2020 Cochrane systematic review did not find enough evidence of reduction of all-cause mortality, serious adverse events, cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke or end-stage renal disease when comparing metformin monotherapy to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. [25]
A 2020 Cochrane systematic review did not find enough evidence of reduction of all-cause mortality, serious adverse events, cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke or end-stage renal disease when comparing metformin monotherapy to meglitinide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.