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The lining of paintings is a process of conservation science and art restoration used to strengthen, flatten or consolidate oil or tempera paintings on canvas by attaching a new support to the back of the existing one. The process is sometimes referred to as relining. Most often a new support will be added directly to the back of an existing ...
The ground of the painting was then removed by solvents or scraping, until nothing remained but a thin skin of colour, pasted over with paper and held together by the muslin. A prepared canvas was then attached to the back of the paint layer, using the same method as was used for lining pictures. When the glue had dried, the paper and muslin ...
Unlike wood or canvas, glass requires preparation before applying color for long-lasting adhesion. [10] Since Roman times, cold painting on glass has been practiced by applying oil paint and lacquer onto a glass area. [9] But due to the speed of deterioration, the technique of reverse glass was developed for the glass to work as a protective ...
The recommended handling method for panel paintings is similar to that of canvas and other two-dimensional works. Conservators are the only persons that should touch the front or back of a painting. The panel should be held by the edges using nitrile gloves and carried with two hands or in tandem by two people, depending on size.
Splined canvas can be restretched by adjusting the spline. Stapled canvases stay stretched tighter over a longer period of time, but are more difficult to re-stretch when the need arises. Canvas boards are made of canvas stretched over and glued to a cardboard backing, and sealed on the backside. The canvas is typically linen primed for a ...
Conservation treatments can take the form of adhering a lining to the canvas with wax-resin to the reverse side, replacing the painting's original stretcher, and varnishing the painting. In Jackson Pollock's Echo , solvents were used to remove a thin layer of the canvas to even out the work's coloring.
The oldest known use of fabrics as a painting support dates back to the Dynasty XII in Egypt (2000 BC).The continuous use can be traced in both Europe and Asia. In Medieval Europe fabrics was overtaken by the wood panels for church use; Renaissance, with its wider spread of paintings, saw wide use of canvas, occasionally glued to the wood, a practice that originated in the Ancient Egypt, but ...
The wax encaustic painting technique was described by the Roman scholar Pliny the Elder in his Natural History from the 1st Century AD. [5] The oldest surviving encaustic panel paintings are the Romano-Egyptian Fayum mummy portraits from Egypt , around 100–300 AD, [ 6 ] but it was a very common technique in ancient Greek and Roman painting.