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Granulomatous meningoencephalitis (GME) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) of dogs and, rarely, cats.It is a form of meningoencephalitis.GME is likely second only to encephalitis caused by canine distemper virus as the most common cause of inflammatory disease of the canine CNS. [1]
The tests are different for cats and dogs. In dogs results indicative of pancreatitis may also be caused by renal failure and enteropathies. In cats low sensitivity and other conditions—gastrointestinal diseases, azotemia—that produce similar results mean it is not a useful tool for diagnosis of pancreatitis. [4]
Canine distemper virus (CDV) (sometimes termed "footpad disease") is a viral disease that affects a wide variety of mammal families, [2] including domestic and wild species of dogs, coyotes, foxes, pandas, wolves, ferrets, skunks, raccoons, and felines, as well as pinnipeds, some primates, and a variety of other species.
Dogs are ten times more likely to be infected than humans. The disease in dogs can affect the eyes, brain, lungs, skin, or bones. [15] Histoplasmosis* is a fungal disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum that affects both dogs and humans. The disease in dogs usually affects the lungs and small intestine. [16]
First signs of this immune dysregulation can show through lethargy and the reluctance to walk. Behavioral changes and an abnormal mentation might occur. [ 6 ] After a short amount of time vestibulo-cerebellar symptoms will rapidly progress, leaving the animal in a state of depressed consciousness having seizures , amaurosis and ataxia .
Although a small preliminary study [54] indicated xylitol may be safe for dogs, other studies show significant toxicity. [55] There have been cases of foods, candies and gums containing xylitol causing toxic or even fatal liver damage in dogs. [56] [57] [58] Ingestion may cause hypoglycemia. [38]
2. Hollow Food Puzzles. As the name implies, these food puzzles are hollow, as they are meant to be filled with food. Their shape makes it challenging for dogs to extract the food, keeping them ...
Illustration of a dog's pancreas. Cell-islet in the illustration refers to a pancreatic cell in the Islets of Langerhans, which contain insulin-producing beta cells and other endocrine related cells. Permanent damage to these beta cells results in Type 1, or insulin-dependent diabetes, for which exogenous insulin replacement therapy is the only ...