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Gastric dilatation volvulus (GDV), also known as gastric dilation, twisted stomach, or gastric torsion, is a medical condition that affects dogs and rarely cats and guinea pigs, [1] in which the stomach becomes overstretched and rotated by excessive gas content.
Pancreatitis is a common condition in cats and dogs. Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas that can occur in two very different forms. Acute pancreatitis [2] is sudden, while chronic pancreatitis is characterized by recurring or persistent form of pancreatic inflammation.
Right-sided heart failure results in a large liver (congestion) and build-up of fluid in the abdomen , uncommonly fluid around the lungs (pleural effusion), or, rarely, peripheral edema. [51] Sick sinus syndrome* is most commonly seen in female Miniature Schnauzers.
Ascites (/ ə ˈ s aɪ t i z /; [5] Greek: ἀσκός, romanized: askos, meaning "bag" or "sac" [6]) is the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen. [1] Technically, it is more than 25 ml of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, although volumes greater than one liter may occur. [4]
This is important as a dog with a gallbladder mucocele which is infected will display a higher amount of white blood cells in comparison to healthy dogs. Thus a complete evaluation of all the major organ systems will be conducted during the diagnosis process. [8] Ultrasound imaging is generally the only effective and accurate diagnostic technique.
Mice and frogs can also infect the dog as collective hosts. The larvae hatch in the stomach, attach directly to the mucosa, and molt into adults (sexually mature worms). [24] The stomach worms cause damage to the gastric mucosa, leading to gastritis, bleeding and chronic vomiting. [25] In severe infection, weight loss and anemia occur.
Peritoneal fluid is a serous fluid made by the peritoneum in the abdominal cavity which lubricates the surface of tissue that lines the abdominal wall and pelvic cavity. It covers most of the organs in the abdomen. An increased volume of peritoneal fluid is called ascites. Sampling of peritoneal fluid is generally performed by paracentesis.
The stomach twists on its supporting ligaments, sealing off the exits, and the contents begin to generate gas pressure which is very painful and rapidly causes shock and necrosis of large areas of stomach tissue. It can be fatal within a few hours. Dogs who have experienced bloat are very susceptible to recurrences.