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Alcohol is a potent neurotoxin. [5] The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism has found, "Alcoholism may accelerate normal aging or cause premature aging of the brain." [6] Another report by the same agency found, "Chronic alcohol consumption, as well as chronic glucocorticoid exposure, can result in premature and/or exaggerated ...
The Natural History of Alcoholism Revisited (1995) is a book by psychiatrist George E. Vaillant that describes two multi-decade studies of the lives of 600 American males, non-alcoholics at the outset, focusing on their lifelong drinking behaviours. By following the men from youth to old age it was possible to chart their drinking patterns and ...
The level of ethanol consumption that minimizes the risk of disease, injury, and death is subject to some controversy. [16] Several studies have found a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and health, [17] [18] [2] [19] meaning that risk is minimized at a certain (non-zero) consumption level, and drinking below or above this level increases risk, with the risk level of drinking a ...
Richard Piper, an alcohol harm-reduction expert, used to drink heavily. His "dry by default" rule helped him reduce the risks of drinking without going sober. This story was originally published ...
The risk of alcohol dependence begins at low levels of drinking and increases directly with both the volume of alcohol consumed and a pattern of drinking larger amounts on an occasion, to the point of intoxication, which is sometimes called binge drinking. Binge drinking is the most common pattern of alcoholism.
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For example, in a laboratory study, men acted more aggressive when they believed their drink contained alcohol, even when it was plain tonic water. They also were less aggressive when they believed they were consuming a non-alcoholic drink, even if it contained alcohol. This shows that aggression is a result of expectations. [77]
If you’re a heavy drinker or have an alcohol addiction or alcohol use disorder, there’s a chance you could experience alcohol withdrawal symptoms that cause dysfunction. This includes: Tremors