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Command line shells on Windows usually use the Windows API to change the current working directory, whereas on Unix systems cd calls the chdir() POSIX C function. This means that when the command is executed, no new process is created to migrate to the other directory as is the case with other commands such as ls. Instead, the shell itself ...
The initial version of cmd.exe for Windows NT was developed by Therese Stowell. [6] Windows CE 2.11 was the first embedded Windows release to support a console and a Windows CE version of cmd.exe. [7] The ReactOS implementation of cmd.exe is derived from FreeCOM, the FreeDOS command line interpreter. [2]
Starting with Windows 95, the Run command is accessible through the Start menu and also through the shortcut key ⊞ Win+R.Although the Run command is still present in Windows Vista and later, it no longer appears directly on the Start menu by default, in favor of the new search box and a shortcut to the Run command in the Windows System sub-menu.
⌘ Cmd+H (Hides all windows of the currently active application) Meta+x, then bury-buffer, then ↵ Enter: Hide all except the focused window ⌘ Cmd+⌥ Option+H: Put the focused window furthest back (in tab order and Z axis) Alt+Esc: Minimize the focused window Alt+Space then N [notes 10] or ⊞ Win+↓ (Windows Vista Home Premium, Windows 7 ...
CLIs are made possible by command-line interpreters or command-line processors, which are programs that read command lines and carry out the commands. Alternatives to CLIs include GUIs (most notably desktop metaphors with a mouse pointer , such as Microsoft Windows ), text-based user interface menus (such as DOS Shell and IBM AIX SMIT ), and ...
Microsoft released a version of cmd.exe for Windows 9x and ME called WIN95CMD to allow users of older versions of Windows to use certain cmd.exe-style batch files. As of Windows 8 [update] , cmd.exe is the normal command interpreter for batch files; the older COMMAND.COM can be run as well in 32-bit versions of Windows able to run 16-bit programs.
Windows Console is the infrastructure for console applications in Microsoft Windows. An instance of a Windows Console has a screen buffer and an input buffer. It allows console apps to run inside a window or in hardware text mode (so as to occupy the entire screen). The user can switch between the two using the Alt+↵ Enter key combination
cmd.exe in Windows NT 2000, 4DOS, 4OS2, 4NT, and a number of third-party solutions allow direct entry of environment variables from the command prompt. From at least Windows 2000, the set command allows for the evaluation of strings into variables, thus providing inter alia a means of performing integer arithmetic.