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Performance Handicap Racing Fleet (PHRF) is a handicapping system used for yacht racing in North America. It allows dissimilar classes of sailboats to be raced against each other. The aim is to cancel out the inherent advantages and disadvantages of each class of boats, so that results reflect crew skill rather than equipment superiority.
International Rating Certificate (IRC) is a system of handicapping sailboats and yachts for the purpose of racing. It is managed by the Royal Ocean Racing Club (RORC) in the United Kingdom through their dedicated Rating Office, [1] and the Union Nationale pour la Course au Large (UNCL) in France.
Yacht dates back to at least 1938, and is a contemporary of the similar three-dice game Crag. [1] Yahtzee is a later development, similar to Yacht in both name and content. The name Yacht is also used for a number of later dice games that include many features of Yahtzee, being closer to Yahtzee than the original Yacht game. [3] [4]
A yacht's handicap, or rating, is the number of seconds per mile traveled that the yacht in question should be behind the theoretical yacht. Most boats have a positive PHRF rating, but some very fast boats have a negative PHRF rating.
Each class of boat is assigned a "Portsmouth Number", with fast boats having low numbers and slow ones high numbers—so, for example, in the case of two dinghies, a 49er might have a RYA-PY of 697 while a Mirror has a RYA-PY of 1390 (these are the actual RYA Portsmouth numbers for 2018, but note that adjustments are made each year).
The CDC has inspected 119 cruise ships so far in 2024. The majority scored about 95, while 19 achieved perfect marks. But 10 vessels didn't break into the 90s range, including one that failed to pass:
An extract from a case study in the application of Mark Room (Rule 18). The Racing Rules of Sailing (often abbreviated to RRS) govern the conduct of yacht racing, windsurfing, kitesurfing, model boat racing, dinghy racing and virtually any other form of racing around a course with more than one vessel while powered by the wind.
Event Host Participation Ref. Ed. Year Host club Location Country Boats Ath. Nat. Cont. 1: 2009 Yacht Club Costa Smeralda Costa Smeralda Italy 29 [1]2: 2010 St. Francis Yacht Club San Francisco