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The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in type 2 diabetics is greater (from 2.5 [14] to 7.1 [22] times the nondiabetic risk) depending on the duration of diabetes and treatment protocol. [23]
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) is a project to catalogue the genomic alterations responsible for cancer using genome sequencing and bioinformatics. [1] [2] The overarching goal was to apply high-throughput genome analysis techniques to improve the ability to diagnose, treat, and prevent cancer through a better understanding of the genetic basis of the disease.
It is indicated for the treatment of adults with previously treated, unresectable locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma with a fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusion or other rearrangement as detected by an FDA-approved test. Ivodesinib (Tibsovo) is a small molecule inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1. The FDA ...
The goal of treatment is prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). [111] The best way to reduce the long-term risk of HCC is to achieve sustained virological response (SVR). [ 111 ] SVR is defined as an undetectable viral load at 12 weeks after treatment completion and indicates a cure.
Hepatocellular adenoma (also known as hepatic adenoma or hepadenoma) is a rare, benign liver tumor. It most commonly occurs in people with elevated systemic levels of estrogen , classically in women taking estrogen-containing oral contraceptive medication.
A Klatskin tumor (or hilar cholangiocarcinoma) is a cholangiocarcinoma (cancer of the biliary tree) occurring at the confluence of the right and left hepatic bile ducts.The disease was named after Gerald Klatskin, who in 1965 described 15 cases and found some characteristics for this type of cholangiocarcinoma.
Over-expression is also known to occur in ovarian, [19] stomach, adenocarcinoma of the lung [20] and aggressive forms of uterine cancer, such as uterine serous endometrial carcinoma, [21] [22] e.g. HER2 is over-expressed in approximately 7-34% of patients with gastric cancer [23] [24] and in 30% of salivary duct carcinomas.
Carcinoma is a malignancy that develops from epithelial cells. [1] Specifically, a carcinoma is a cancer that begins in a tissue that lines the inner or outer surfaces of the body, and that arises from cells originating in the endodermal, mesodermal [2] or ectodermal germ layer during embryogenesis. [3]