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Le Fort's fracture of the ankle is a vertical fracture of the antero-medial part of the distal fibula with avulsion of the anterior tibiofibular ligament, [1] opposite to a Tillaux-Chaput avulsion fracture. The injury was described by Léon Clément Le Fort in 1886. [2]
The calcaneofibular ligament is a narrow, rounded cord, running from the tip of the lateral malleolus of the fibula downward and slightly backward to a tubercle on the lateral surface of the calcaneus. It is part of the lateral collateral ligament, which opposes the hyperinversion of the subtalar joint, as in a common type of ankle sprain. [1]
A fractured fibula in addition to detaching the medial malleolus will tear the tibiofibular syndesmosis. [2] The combined fracture of the medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, and the posterior margin of the distal end of the tibia is known as a "trimalleolar fracture". [3] An example of Pott's fracture would be in a sports tackling injury.
Ankle fractures may result from excessive stress on the joint such as from rolling an ankle or from blunt trauma. [1] [2] Types of ankle fractures include lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, posterior malleolus, bimalleolar, and trimalleolar fractures. [1] The Ottawa ankle rule can help determine the need for X-rays. [2]
Forceful, external rotation of the ankle joint is the main cause of a Maisonneuve fracture. [4] [7] Engaging in high-intensity sports or falling over can increase the risk of tearing the deltoid ligament or cause an avulsion fracture of the medial malleolus from external rotation of the foot.
Since the fibula is smaller and weaker than the tibia, a force strong enough to fracture the tibia often fractures the fibula as well. Types include: Trimalleolar fracture - involving the lateral malleolus, medial malleolus and the distal posterior aspect of the tibia; Bimalleolar fracture - involving the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus.
The lateral malleolus is the prominence on the outer side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the fibula. The word malleolus (/ m ə ˈ l iː ə l ə s, m æ-/ [1] [2]), plural malleoli (/ m ə ˈ l iː ə ˌ l aɪ, m æ-/), comes from Latin and means "small hammer". (It is cognate with mallet.)
Fracture of both sides of the ankle with dislocation as seen on anteroposterior X-ray. (1) fibula, (2) tibia, (arrow) medial malleolus, (arrowhead) lateral malleolus. An ankle fracture is a break of one or more of the bones that make up the ankle joint. [20] Symptoms may include pain, swelling, bruising, and an inability to walk on the injured ...