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Method chaining is a common syntax for invoking multiple method calls in object-oriented programming languages. Each method returns an object, allowing the calls to be chained together in a single statement without requiring variables to store the intermediate results.
Cascading can be implemented in terms of chaining by having the methods return the target object (receiver, this, self).However, this requires that the method be implemented this way already – or the original object be wrapped in another object that does this – and that the method not return some other, potentially useful value (or nothing if that would be more appropriate, as in setters).
A common example is the iostream library in C++, which uses the << or >> operators for the message passing, sending multiple data to the same object and allowing "manipulators" for other method calls. Other early examples include the Garnet system (from 1988 in Lisp) and the Amulet system (from 1994 in C++) which used this style for object ...
The builder pattern is a design pattern that provides a flexible solution to various object creation problems in object-oriented programming.The builder pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its representation.
The following example is in the language Java, and shows how the contents of a tree of nodes (in this case describing the components of a car) can be printed. Instead of creating print methods for each node subclass ( Wheel , Engine , Body , and Car ), one visitor class ( CarElementPrintVisitor ) performs the required printing action.
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For example, if you weigh 150 pounds, that’s at least 52.5 grams of protein daily. But here’s the catch:, Building muscle requires eating significantly more protein than just maintaining the ...
Within computer science, a use-definition chain (or UD chain) is a data structure that consists of a use U, of a variable, and all the definitions D of that variable that can reach that use without any other intervening definitions. [1] [2] A UD Chain generally means the assignment of some value to a variable.