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Where element names the HTML element type, and attribute is the name of the attribute, set to the provided value. The value may be enclosed in single or double quotes, although values consisting of certain characters can be left unquoted in HTML (but not XHTML). [2] [3] Leaving attribute values unquoted is considered unsafe. [4]
Informally, HTML elements are sometimes referred to as "tags" (an example of synecdoche), though many prefer the term tag strictly in reference to the markup delimiting the start and end of an element. Element (and attribute) names may be written in any combination of upper or lower case in HTML, but must be in lower case in XHTML. [8]
In SGML, HTML and XML documents, the logical constructs known as character data and attribute values consist of sequences of characters, in which each character can manifest directly (representing itself), or can be represented by a series of characters called a character reference, of which there are two types: a numeric character reference and a character entity reference.
HTML 5 introduces a number of input tags that can be represented by other interface elements. Some are based upon text input fields and are intended to input and validate specific common data. These include <email> to enter email addresses, <tel> for telephone numbers, <number> for numeric values.
An HTML attribute name can be made variable. HTML Tidy – an outdated HTML4 library that is slated for removal – has historically removed attributes with invalid names at the server side, so the result does not depend on a browser capability to ignore invalid attribute names, and the amount of data sent is reduced.
The name of an HTML element is the name used in the tags. The end tag's name is preceded by a slash character, / , and that in empty elements the end tag is neither required nor allowed. If attributes are not mentioned, default values are used in each case.
Form, link and image elements could be referenced with a hierarchical name that began with the root document object. A hierarchical name could make use of either the names or the sequential index of the traversed elements. For example, a form input element could be accessed as either document.myForm.myInput or document.forms[0].elements[0].
Style may be chosen specifically for a piece of content, see e.g., color; scope of parameters. Alternatively, style is specified for CSS selectors, expressed in terms of elements, classes, and ID's. This is done on various levels: Author style sheets, in this order: Note: See WP:CLASS for a list of all the style sheets loaded.