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A myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is one of a group of cancers in which blood cells in the bone marrow do not mature, and as a result, do not develop into healthy blood cells. [3] Early on, no symptoms typically are seen. [3] Later, symptoms may include fatigue, shortness of breath, bleeding disorders, anemia, or frequent infections. [3]
Risk factors include getting older, being male, [6] smoking, previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy, myelodysplastic syndrome, and exposure to the chemical benzene. [1] The underlying mechanism involves replacement of normal bone marrow with leukemia cells, which results in a drop in red blood cells, platelets, and normal white blood cells. [1]
Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B 3). [2] Symptoms include inflamed skin, diarrhea, dementia, and sores in the mouth. [1] Areas of the skin exposed to friction and radiation are typically affected first. [1]
Alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA) is a specific group of symptoms and metabolic state related to alcohol use. [3] Symptoms often include abdominal pain, vomiting, agitation, a fast respiratory rate, and a specific "fruity" smell. [2] Consciousness is generally normal. [1] Complications may include sudden death. [1]
Extreme doses may result in a respiratory depression, coma, or death. [3] Complications may include seizures, aspiration pneumonia, low blood sugar, and injuries or self-harm such as suicide. [3] [4] Alcohol intoxication can lead to alcohol-related crime with perpetrators more likely to be intoxicated than victims. [12]
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After binge drinking, unconsciousness can occur and extreme levels of consumption can lead to alcohol poisoning and death (a concentration in the blood stream of 0.40% will kill half of those affected [33] [medical citation needed]). Alcohol may also cause death indirectly, by asphyxiation from vomit.
Common symptoms are often flulike and include headache, dizziness, upset stomach, chest pain or confusion, but highly concentrated levels of CO can cause a person to pass out without feeling symptoms.