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Asperger syndrome was a relatively new diagnosis in the field of autism, [152] though a syndrome like it was described as early as 1925 by Soviet child psychiatrist Grunya Sukhareva (1891–1981), [153] [1] As a child, Asperger appears to have exhibited some features of the very condition named after him, such as remoteness and talent in language.
Symptoms typically start in late childhood or adolescence. [76] Several studies have reported an overlap, confusion or comorbidity with Asperger syndrome (which has been combined with autism spectrum disorder and no longer appears as a diagnostic label in the DSM-5). [77] [78] [79] Asperger syndrome was at one time called "schizoid disorder of ...
[276] [277] [278] Asperger syndrome was traditionally called "schizoid disorder of childhood". Genetic disorders – about 10–15% of autism cases have an identifiable Mendelian (single-gene) condition, chromosome abnormality, or other genetic syndromes. [279] Several metabolic defects, such as phenylketonuria, are associated with autistic ...
Instead, patients are diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, which encompasses Asperger syndrome. Many people still use Asperger's as a term when referring to "high-functioning" individuals with autism, but it is not an official diagnosis. Childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD) – a condition in which a child experiences developmental ...
The term Asperger syndrome typically excluded a general language delay. [19] Other differences noted in features of high-functioning autism and Asperger syndrome included the following: [12] [20] [21] [22] Lower verbal reasoning ability; Better visual/spatial skills (Being uniquely artistically talented) Less deviating locomotion (e.g. clumsiness)
Diagnosis of ASD in adults poses unique challenges because it still relies on an accurate developmental history and because autistic adults sometimes learn coping strategies, known as "masking" or "camouflaging", which may make it more difficult to obtain a diagnosis. [17] [18]
The Ritvo Autism & Asperger Diagnostic Scale (RAADS) is a psychological self-rating scale developed by Riva Ariella Ritvo (NPI UCLA and CSC Yale). An abridged and translated 14 question version was then developed at the Department of Clinical Neuroscience at the Karolinska Institute, to aid in the identification of patients who may have undiagnosed ASD.
Replication of movements by others, a task that requires spatial awareness and memory capacities, can also be difficult for autistic children and adults. [29] People with Asperger's Syndrome were found to have spatial working memory deficits compared with control subjects on the Executive-Golf Task, although these may be indicative of a more ...