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The cube of a number or any other mathematical expression is denoted by a superscript 3, for example 2 3 = 8 or (x + 1) 3. The cube is also the number multiplied by its square: n 3 = n × n 2 = n × n × n. The cube function is the function x ↦ x 3 (often denoted y = x 3) that maps a number to its cube. It is an odd function, as (−n) 3 ...
The chromatic number of the dimension-k folded cube graph is two when k is even (that is, in this case, the graph is bipartite) and four when k is odd. [1] The odd girth of a folded cube of odd dimension is k, so for odd k greater than three the folded cube graphs provide a class of triangle-free graphs with chromatic number four and ...
In graph theory, the hypercube graph Q n is the graph formed from the vertices and edges of an n-dimensional hypercube. For instance, the cube graph Q 3 is the graph formed by the 8 vertices and 12 edges of a three-dimensional cube. Q n has 2 n vertices, 2 n – 1 n edges, and is a regular graph with n edges touching each vertex.
Thus, a planar graph has genus 0, because it can be drawn on a sphere without self-crossing. The non-orientable genus of a graph is the minimal integer n such that the graph can be drawn without crossing itself on a sphere with n cross-caps (i.e. a non-orientable surface of (non-orientable) genus n). (This number is also called the demigenus.)
A cubic graph (all vertices have degree three) of girth g that is as small as possible is known as a g-cage (or as a (3,g)-cage).The Petersen graph is the unique 5-cage (it is the smallest cubic graph of girth 5), the Heawood graph is the unique 6-cage, the McGee graph is the unique 7-cage and the Tutte eight cage is the unique 8-cage. [3]
According to Brooks' theorem every connected cubic graph other than the complete graph K 4 has a vertex coloring with at most three colors. Therefore, every connected cubic graph other than K 4 has an independent set of at least n/3 vertices, where n is the number of vertices in the graph: for instance, the largest color class in a 3-coloring has at least this many vertices.
The graph of any cubic function is similar to such a curve. The graph of a cubic function is a cubic curve, though many cubic curves are not graphs of functions. Although cubic functions depend on four parameters, their graph can have only very few shapes. In fact, the graph of a cubic function is always similar to the graph of a function of ...
The number of connected simple cubic graphs on 4, 6, 8, 10, ... vertices is 1, 2, 5, 19, ... (sequence A002851 in the OEIS). A classification according to edge connectivity is made as follows: the 1-connected and 2-connected graphs are defined as usual. This leaves the other graphs in the 3-connected class because each 3-regular graph can be ...