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The MaxDiff is a long-established theory in mathematical psychology with very specific assumptions about how people make choices: [1] it assumes that respondents evaluate all possible pairs of items within the displayed set and choose the pair that reflects the maximum difference in preference or importance.
Although there are some variations, the traditional minimal group study consists of two phases. In the first phase, participants are randomly and anonymously divided into two groups (e.g., "Group A" and "Group B"), ostensibly on the basis of trivial criteria (e.g., preference for paintings or the toss of a coin).
In his article, Miller discussed a coincidence between the limits of one-dimensional absolute judgment and the limits of short-term memory. In a one-dimensional absolute-judgment task, a person is presented with a number of stimuli that vary on one dimension (e.g., 10 different tones varying only in pitch) and responds to each stimulus with a corresponding response (learned before).
The Margolus–Levitin theorem sets a bound on the maximum computational speed per unit of energy: 6 × 10 33 operations per second per joule. This bound, however, can be avoided if there is access to quantum memory. Computational algorithms can then be designed that require arbitrarily small amounts of energy/time per one elementary ...
In cognitive psychology, chunking is a process by which small individual pieces of a set of information are bound together to create a meaningful whole later on in memory. [1] The chunks, by which the information is grouped, are meant to improve short-term retention of the material, thus bypassing the limited capacity of working memory and ...
Richard Chatham Atkinson [2] (born March 19, 1929) is an American professor of cognitive science and psychology and an academic administrator. [3] In a career that has ranged beyond traditional disciplines and challenged long-settled views about learning, he has combined theoretical insights with practical applications in American classrooms.
Self-limitation is therefore considered an expression of individual autonomy [1] and can hence be contrasted against the imposition of external limitations. Collective self-limitation or Collectively defined self-limitation [ 2 ] correspondingly refers to the definition of such limits within groups and societies, through which the group and ...
Microgenetic design (a.k.a. microgenetic method) is a scientific method in which the same setting is studied repeatedly in order to observe change in detail.In contrast to cross-sectional and longitudinal designs, which provide broad outlines of the process of change, microgenetic designs provide an in-depth analysis of the behavior of the system while it is changing.