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Within the broad field of drug delivery, the development of stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems has created the ability to tune drug delivery systems to achieve more controlled dosing and targeted specificity based on material response to exogenous and endogenous stimuli.
Ultrasound-triggered drug delivery using stimuli-responsive hydrogels refers to the process of using ultrasound energy for inducing drug release from hydrogels that are sensitive to acoustic stimuli. This method of approach is one of many stimuli-responsive drug delivery-based systems that has gained traction in recent years due to its ...
This method of drug delivery falls in the category of stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems which include pH, temperature, and redox-responsive systems. Mechanical forces occur naturally throughout the human body therefore, stretch-triggered drug delivery systems may be used to autonomously deliver medications to the body when needed.
This is when the development of "smart drug delivery" originated. Encapsulated within the idea of smart drug delivery is the use of gated delivery systems. Researchers discovered that certain materials could be loaded and capped to prevent premature drug release. The caps could subsequently be removed using different external stimuli.
Another delivery-release mechanism is activation-modulated drug delivery, where the release is triggered by environmental stimuli. The stimuli can be external, such as the introduction of a chemical activators or activation by light or electromagnetic fields, or biological - such as pH, temperature, and osmotic pressure which can vary widely ...
pH-triggered drug delivery systems are able to control the pharmacokinetics and the biodistribution of the drugs enclosed within the drug carrier and have a controlled release. Many “smart” pH-responsive drug delivery systems have not made it to clinical trials. [27] However, there still are many challenges with this treatment method. [10]
Drug delivery systems have been around for many years, but there are a few recent applications of drug delivery that warrant 1. Drug delivery to the brain: Many drugs can be harmful when administered systemically; the brain is very sensitive to medications and can easily cause damage if a drug is administered directly into the bloodstream.
Types of endogenous and exogenous stimuli for molecular switches. A molecular switch is a molecule that can be switched between two or more stable or metastable states with the use of any external (exogenous) or internal (endogenous) stimuli, such as changes in pH, light, temperature, an electric current, a microenvironment, or in the presence of ions, and other ligands.