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The astronomical basis of the Hindu lunar day. In Vedic timekeeping, a tithi is a "duration of two faces of moon that is observed from earth", known as milа̄lyа̄ (Newar: 𑐩𑐶𑐮𑐵𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅, मिलाल्याः) in Nepal Bhasa, [1] or the time it takes for the longitudinal angle between the Moon and the Sun to increase by 12°.
A tithi corresponds to the concept of a lunar day. Tithi have Sanskrit numbers according by their position in the pakṣa, i.e. prathama (first), dvitīya (second) etc. The fifteenth, that is, the last tithi of a kṛṣṇa pakṣa is called amāvāsya (new moon) and the fifteenth tithi of a śukla pakṣa is called pūrṇimā (full moon). [7]
In Indian astronomy, a karaṇa is a half of a tithi. It is the duration of time in which the difference of the longitudes of the Sun and the Moon is increased by 6 degrees. [1] [2] A lunar month has 30 tithi-s and so the number of karaṇa-s in a lunar month is 60. These sixty karaṇa-s are not individually named.
Indian calendars use 30 lunar phases, called tithi in India. [1] [2] The dark moon tithi is when the Moon is within 12 degrees of the angular distance between the Sun and Moon before conjunction . [3] The New Moon tithi (called Pratipada or Prathama) is the 12 angular degrees after syzygy. Amāvásyā is often translated as new moon since there ...
The Hindu calendar, also called Panchanga (Sanskrit: पञ्चाङ्ग), is one of various lunisolar calendars that are traditionally used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, with further regional variations for social and Hindu religious purposes.
The Hindu calendar is lunisolar but most festival dates are specified using the lunar portion of the calendar. A lunar day is uniquely identified by three calendar elements: māsa (lunar month), pakṣa (lunar fortnight) and tithi (lunar day). Furthermore, when specifying the masa, one of two traditions are applicable, viz. amānta ...
Shashthi (Sanskrit: षष्ठी, romanized: Ṣaṣṭhī) also referred to as Chhath is the sixth day of the lunar fortnight in the Hindu calendar. [1] It is tithi (lunar day) of a paksha, the fourteen-day phase of the moon.
Chaturdashi (Sanskrit: चतुर्दशी, romanized: caturdaśī) is the 14th day of the waxing phase or waning phase of the moon in the Hindu calendar. [1] This is the day prior to new moon ( amavasya ) or full moon ( purnima ).