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The history of Bulgaria can be traced from the first settlements on the lands of modern Bulgaria to its formation as a nation-state, and includes the history of the Bulgarian people and their origin. The earliest evidence of hominid occupation discovered in what is today Bulgaria date from at least 1.4 million years ago. [ 1 ]
Bulgaria wanted to implement the Slavonic alphabet as well as a means to stop the cultural influence of the Byzantine Empire. In the last months of 863 the Byzantines attacked Bulgaria again, probably after having been informed by their Moravian allies that Boris told the German king he was willing to accept Christianity and Byzantium had to ...
History of Bulgaria; Odrysian kingdom 460 BC – 46 AD; Roman times 46–681; Dark Ages c. 6th–7th cent. Old Great Bulgaria 7th cent., 632–668; First Bulgarian Empire 681–1018. Christianization; Golden Age 896–927; Cometopuli dynasty 968–1018; Byzantine Bulgaria 1018–1185; Second Bulgarian Empire 1185–1396. Second Golden Age 1230 ...
A History of the First Bulgarian Empire. London: George Bell & Sons. OCLC 832687. Zlatarski, Vasil (1971) [1927]. History of the Bulgarian state in the Middle Ages. Volume I. History of the First Bulgarian Empire (in Bulgarian) (2 ed.). Sofia: Nauka i izkustvo. OCLC 67080314. "Part I. From the Slavianization to the Fall of the First Empire (852 ...
The First Bulgarian Empire was founded in 681. After the adoption of Orthodox Christianity in 864 it became one of the cultural centres of Slavic Europe. Its leading cultural position was consolidated with the invention of the Cyrillic script in its capital Preslav at the eve of the 10th century. [126]
Very little is known about the religion of the Bulgars, [143] [144] but it is believed to have been monotheistic. In Danube Bulgaria, Bulgar monarchs described themselves as a "ruler from God", [120] [145] [146] indicating authority from a singular divine origin, [147] and making appeals to the deity's omniscience. [148]
In Ottoman Bulgaria (1396–1878), like elsewhere in the Ottoman Empire, populations were classified according to the millet (approximately "religious nation") system by religion rather than by ethnicity, and therefore Bulgarian Orthodox Christians were grouped together with Orthodox Christians of other ethnicities in the so-called Rum Millet ...
In 854 the Moravian Prince Rastislav persuaded Boris I to help him against East Francia. According to some sources, some Franks bribed the Bulgarian monarch to attack Louis the German. [18] The Bulgarian-Slav campaign was a disaster, and Louis scored a great victory and invaded Bulgaria. [19] At the same time the Croats waged a war against the ...