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Red dwarfs [12] are the smallest, coolest, and most common type of star. Estimates of their abundance range from 70% of stars in spiral galaxies to more than 90% of all stars in elliptical galaxies, [13] [14] an often quoted median figure being 72–76% of the stars in the Milky Way (known since the 1990s from radio telescopic observation to be a barred spiral). [15]
Nemesis is a hypothetical red dwarf [1] or brown dwarf, [2] originally postulated in 1984 [3] to be orbiting the Sun at a distance of about 95,000 AU (1.5 light-years), [2] somewhat beyond the Oort cloud, to explain a perceived cycle of mass extinctions in the geological record, which seem to occur more often at intervals of 26 million years.
The Jovian planet was the first discovered around a red dwarf. [2] [3] First discovered with giant planet(s) Gliese 876: 1998 Gliese 876 b: The giant planet was the first planet discovered around a red dwarf. [2] [3] First discovered with terrestrial planet(s) Kepler-42 : 2012 KOI-961 b KOI-961 c KOI-961 d
Red Dwarf ' s design from Series X (2012) and onwards. The main setting of the series is the eponymous mining spaceship Red Dwarf. [9] In the first episode, set sometime in the late 21st century, [a] an on-board radiation leak kills everyone except lowest-ranking technician Dave Lister, who is in suspended animation at the time, as punishment for smuggling a cat aboard the ship.
Alpha Centauri C, better known as Proxima Centauri, is a small main-sequence red dwarf of spectral class M6-Ve. It has an absolute magnitude of +15.60, over 20,000 times fainter than the Sun. Its mass is calculated to be 0.1221 M ☉. [101] It is the closest star to the Sun but is too faint to be visible to the naked eye. [102]
Red dwarf stars with less than 0.4 M ☉ are convective throughout, which prevents the accumulation of a helium core. [85] For most stars the convective zones will vary over time as the star ages and the constitution of the interior is modified. [200] A cross-section of the Sun. The photosphere is that portion of a star that is visible to an ...
Gliese 581 (/ ˈ ɡ l iː z ə /) is a red dwarf star of spectral type M3V which hosts a planetary system, 20.5 light-years (6.3 parsecs) away from Earth in the constellation Libra. Its estimated mass is about a third of that of the Sun, and it is the 101st closest known star system to the Sun. [15] Gliese 581 is one of the oldest, least active ...
Kepler-1649c is an Earth-sized exoplanet, likely rocky, orbiting within the habitable zone of the red dwarf star Kepler-1649, the outermost planet of the planetary system discovered by Kepler’s space telescope. It is located about 301 light-years (92 pc) away from Earth, in the constellation of Cygnus. [3]