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A sample of cursive handwriting on ruled paper showing the four lines associated with lineation.. In Western handwriting, lineation is the particular spacing between the baseline and the median or mean line (a distance known as the x-height or corpus size), the height of the ascenders, and the depth of the descenders.
Sample writing from The Palmer Method of Business Writing The Palmer Method of penmanship instruction was developed and promoted by Austin Palmer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was intended to simplify the earlier " Spencerian method ", which had been the main handwriting learning method since the 1840s. [ 1 ]
Detail from Zaner's 1896 article: The Line of Direction in Writing [3] A major factor contributing to the development of the Zaner-Bloser teaching script was Zaner's study of the body movements required to create the form of cursive letters when using the 'muscular arm method' of handwriting – such as the Palmer Method – which was prevalent in the United States from the late 19th century.
The D'Nealian Method (sometimes misspelled Denealian) is a style of writing and teaching handwriting script based on Latin script which was developed between 1965 and 1978 by Donald N. Thurber (1927–2020) in Michigan, United States.
Its lowercase letters are key in separating Spencerian script from its predecessor, Copperplate script, otherwise known as English roundhand, as Spencerian lowercase letters tend to look more delicate and less shaded than those of Copperplate (shading entirely absent from 'i', vertical ascender of 't' and 'd' and the descender stem of 'p'). [10]
The lowercase letter p: The French way of writing this character has a half-way ascender as the vertical extension of the descender, which also does not complete the bowl at the bottom. In early Finnish writing, the curve to the bottom was omitted, thus the resulting letter resembled an n with a descender (like ꞃ).
In the early 20th century, Palmer's method of handwriting came on the tail of nearly a half-century of ornamental writing and offered a more simplified, fast, legible, and economic form of writing for the youth and business people of the day. As a young boy, Palmer worked his way through G. A. Gaskell's penmanship school as a janitor and chore boy.
Lineation may refer to: Lineation (handwriting), use of consistent spacing and letter size in Western handwriting to produce straight lines; Lineation (geology), linear structural features within rocks Parting lineation; Lineation (poetry), the selective arrangement of text into poetic lines