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The poison is produced by several types of bacteria obtained from the fish's diet. [10] As a result of these three defenses, porcupinefish have few predators, though adults are sometimes preyed upon by sharks and orcas. Juveniles are also preyed on by Lysiosquillina maculata, tuna, and dolphins. [5]
The long-spine porcupine fish is an omnivore that feeds on mollusks, sea urchins, hermit crabs, snails, and crabs during its active phase at night. [5] They use their beak combined with plates on the roof of their mouths to crush their prey such as mollusks and sea urchins that would otherwise be indigestible.
Deflated Valentinni's sharpnose puffer. Tetraodontidae is a family of primarily marine and estuarine fish of the order Tetraodontiformes.The family includes many familiar species variously called pufferfish, puffers, balloonfish, blowfish, blowers, blowies, bubblefish, globefish, swellfish, toadfish, toadies, toadle, honey toads, sugar toads, and sea squab. [1]
Chilomycterus antillarum, the web burrfish, spiny box puffer, bridled burrfish or striped burrfish, is a species of fish in the family Diodontidae native to the Western Atlantic Ocean, [2] southern Florida, and the Bahamas to Brazil. [1] The species can grow up to 12 inches in length. [3]
The northern puffer, Sphoeroides maculatus, is a species in the family Tetraodontidae, or pufferfishes, found along the Atlantic coast of North America. [2] Unlike many other pufferfish species, the flesh of the northern puffer is not poisonous, although its viscera can contain poison, [1] [2] and high concentrations of toxins have been observed in the skin of Floridian populations.
The spot-fin porcupinefish is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 91 cm, but the average size mostly observed is 40 cm. [2] Its body is elongated with a spherical head with big round protruding eyes, and a large mouth which is rarely closed.
Sphoeroides annulatus (bullseye puffer) is a species in the family Tetraodontidae, or pufferfishes. It is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from California , USA to Pisco , Peru and the Galápagos Islands .
Sphoeroides sechurae (Hildebrand, 1946) (Peruvian puffer) Sphoeroides spengleri (Bloch, 1785) (Bandtail puffer) Sphoeroides testudineus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Checkered puffer) Sphoeroides trichocephalus (Cope, 1870) (Pygmy puffer) Sphoeroides tyleri (Shipp, 1972) (Bearded puffer) Sphoeroides yergeri (Shipp, 1972) (Speckled puffer)