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The flea eggs are about 0.5 mm in length. They are oval-shaped and pearly white in color. Eggs are often laid on the body of the host, but they often fall off in many different places. The larvae are about 0.6 mm in length. They are creamy white or yellow in color. Larvae have 13 segments with bristles on each segment.
The infected fleas feed on rodent vectors of this bacterium, such as the black rat, Rattus rattus, and then infect human populations with the plague, as has happened repeatedly from ancient times, as in the Plague of Justinian in 541–542. [46] Outbreaks killed up to 200 million people across Europe between 1346 and 1671. [47]
Due to the expanding flea, the outer layer of the skin is stretched thin, resulting in the appearance of a white halo around the black dot (rear end of the flea) at the center of the lesion. [9] The black dot is the flea's exposed hind legs, respiratory spiracles and reproductive organs. [10]
Although fleas cannot fly, they have developed powerful legs and are famous for being able to jump quite high in proportion to their tiny bodies — more than 100 times their body length, up to a ...
Tungiasis is an inflammatory skin disease caused by infection with the female ectoparasitic Tunga penetrans, a flea also known as the chigoe, chigo, chigoe flea, chigo flea, jigger, nigua, sand flea, or burrowing flea (and not to be confused with the chigger, a different arthropod).
Ctenocephalides felis felis. The cat flea belongs to the insect order Siphonaptera which in its adult stage is an obligatory hematophage.Adults of both sexes range from 1–2 mm long and are usually a reddish-brown colour, although the abdomens of gravid females often swell with eggs causing them to appear banded in cream and dark brown.
Problems caused by fleas may range from mild to severe itching and discomfort to skin problems and infections. Anemia may also result from flea bites in extreme circumstances. Furthermore, fleas can transmit tapeworms and diseases to pets. When fleas bite humans, they may develop an itching rash with small bumps that may bleed.
A single female flea can mate once and lay eggs every day with up to 50 eggs per day. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ citation needed ] Experimentally, it has been shown that the fleas flourish in dry climatic conditions with temperatures of 20–25 °C (68–77 °F), [ 7 ] they can live up to a year and can stay in the cocoon stage for up to a year if the ...