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The term Harbin Russians or Russian Harbinites (Russian: Русский Харбин, romanized: Russky Kharbin, Chinese: 哈尔滨白俄; pinyin: Hā'ěrbīn bái'è; lit. 'Harbin White Russians ') refers to several generations of Russians who lived in the city of Harbin , Heilongjiang , China .
NKVD Order No. 00593, also known as NKVD Order about Harbinites (приказ НКВД о харбинцах, ("Харбинский приказ") by September 20, 1937, undersigned by Nikolai Yezhov regulated arrest and prosecution of former Russian personnel (Harbin Russians) of the China Far East Railway (KVZhD), who had lived in Harbin and reemigrated into the Soviet Union after 1935 ...
By 1913, Harbin had become an established Russian colony for the construction and maintenance work on the China Eastern Railway. A record shows Harbin had a total of 68,549 people, most of Russian and Chinese descent. There were a total of 53 different nationalities. [3] Most of the Harbin population were of Russian and/or European descent.
Under the Manchukuo régime and Japanese occupation, Harbin Russians had a difficult time. In 1935, the Soviet Union sold the Chinese Eastern Railway (KVZhD) to the Japanese, and many Russian emigres left Harbin (48,133 of them were arrested during the Soviet Great Purge between 1936 and 1938 as "Japanese spies" [64]). [36]
The city of Harbin in China was founded by the Russians in 1896, becoming known the "Moscow of the Orient" due to its Russian appearance, and after the Revolution its Russian population was further reinforced by émigrés, through the majority of the Russians living in Harbin were people who had come before World War I. [21] About 127,000 ...
Many Harbin Russians, attracted by the booming economy of Shanghai, moved to the Shanghai International Settlement over the following years. Barred by both distance and money from joining established communities in Paris and Berlin , a large number gravitated towards Shanghai, a freeport at the time, requiring no visa or work-permit for entry.
A visually striking period drama from Woo Min-ho, “Harbin” follows Korean independence activist Ahn Jung-geun (Hyun Bin) as he plans the assassination of Japan’s Prime Minister in 1909 ...
From the 1890s to the 1930s Harbin attracted Russian immigrants, including railway workers and later white émigrés fleeing the Revolution and Civil War and the rise of Stalin. [2] Harbin Russians included Russian Orthodox, Polish Latin Catholic, and Jewish congregations. [2] In 1926 Ivan Koronin's parish converted from Orthodox to Catholic. [3]