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The gastrocnemius muscle is prone to spasms, which are painful, involuntary contractions of the muscle that may last several minutes. [5] A severe ankle dorsiflexion force may result in a Medial Gastrocnemius Strain (MGS) injury of the muscle, commonly referred to as a "torn" or "strained" calf muscle, which is acutely painful and disabling. [6]
The popliteal artery courses more medially around a normally positioned medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. [3] Type II The medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle attaches more laterally to the femur. [3] Type III Aberrant additional tendon of the gastrocnemius muscle encircles a normally positioned popliteal artery. [3] Type IV
Acting via the Achilles tendon, the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles cause plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle. This action brings the sole of the foot closer to the back of the leg. The gastrocnemius also flexes the leg at the knee. Both muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve. [14]
The popliteal vein may become trapped. [5] This reduces the flow of blood out of the leg, causing oedema, pain, and venous ulcers. [5] Entrapment is usually caused by gastrocnemius muscle. [5] Venography (using an x-ray) or magnetic resonance imaging can investigate it. [5] Surgery can be used to remove tissue creating pressure. [5]
Achilles tendinitis is a common injury, particularly in sports that involve lunging and jumping, occurs both laterally and bilaterally, and is often induced in a single ankle by trauma. It is also a known side effect of fluoroquinolone antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin , as are other types of tendinitis.
Back strain is the injury occurring to muscles or tendons. Due to back strain, the tendons and muscles supporting the spine are twisted or pulled. Chronic back strain occurs because of the sustained trauma and wearing out of the back muscles. [1] Acute back strain can occur following a single instance of over stressing of back muscles, as in ...
The calf (pl.: calves; Latin: sura) is the back portion of the lower leg in human anatomy. [1] The muscles within the calf correspond to the posterior compartment of the leg. The two largest muscles within this compartment are known together as the calf muscle and attach to the heel via the Achilles tendon.
The condition of the deep vein system (DVS), its permeability and compressibility, and whether it is continent or insufficient; The permeability and compressibility of the superficial vein system (SVS), the presence or absence of superficial insufficiency, and in which veins or vein segments; Which perforator veins are continent or insufficient;