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Chemical formula. C 2 H 2 Cl 2 O: Molar mass: 112.94 g·mol −1 Appearance Colorless to yellow liquid Density: 1.42 g/mL ... The major use of chloroacetyl chloride ...
Acetyl chloride was first prepared in 1852 by French chemist Charles Gerhardt by treating potassium acetate with phosphoryl chloride. [4]Acetyl chloride is produced in the laboratory by the reaction of acetic acid with chlorodehydrating agents such as phosphorus trichloride (PCl 3), phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5), sulfuryl chloride (SO 2 Cl 2), phosgene, or thionyl chloride (SOCl 2).
In organic chemistry, an acyl chloride (or acid chloride) is an organic compound with the functional group −C(=O)Cl. Their formula is usually written R−COCl, where R is a side chain. They are reactive derivatives of carboxylic acids (R−C(=O)OH). A specific example of an acyl chloride is acetyl chloride, CH 3 COCl.
Chloroacetic acid was first prepared (in impure form) by the French chemist Félix LeBlanc (1813–1886) in 1843 by chlorinating acetic acid in the presence of sunlight, [3] and in 1857 (in pure form) by the German chemist Reinhold Hoffmann (1831–1919) by refluxing glacial acetic acid in the presence of chlorine and sunlight, [4] and then by the French chemist Charles Adolphe Wurtz by ...
Trichloroacetyl chloride is the acyl chloride of trichloroacetic acid. It can be formed by reacting chlorine with acetyl chloride or acetaldehyde in the presence of activated charcoal, or by the isomerisation of tetrachloroethylene oxide via heating. It is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and plant protection compounds. [4]
This produces 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoic acid, which can then be refluxed in thionyl chloride to form 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride. [4] Since 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoic acid is produced as a by product of the Yamaguchi esterification process, it can be refluxed again to recreate 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride.
Oxalyl chloride is an organic chemical compound with the formula Cl−C(=O)−C(=O)−Cl. This colorless, sharp-smelling liquid, the di acyl chloride of oxalic acid , is a useful reagent in organic synthesis .
Acetyl hypochlorite is reported to be produced by the reaction of acetic anhydride and dichlorine monoxide at very low temperatures: [2]. Cl 2 O + (CH3CO) 2 O → 2CH 3 COOCl. The liquid can be distilled at reduced pressure, however it cannot be heated, as it violently decomposes at 100 °C to acetic anhydride, oxygen, and chlorine gas, and reacts with water and alcohols.