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The slope field of () = +, showing three of the infinitely many solutions that can be produced by varying the arbitrary constant c.. In calculus, an antiderivative, inverse derivative, primitive function, primitive integral or indefinite integral [Note 1] of a continuous function f is a differentiable function F whose derivative is equal to the original function f.
the integral is called an indefinite integral, which represents a class of functions (the antiderivative) whose derivative is the integrand. [19] The fundamental theorem of calculus relates the evaluation of definite integrals to indefinite integrals. There are several extensions of the notation for integrals to encompass integration on ...
In calculus, the constant of integration, often denoted by (or ), is a constant term added to an antiderivative of a function () to indicate that the indefinite integral of () (i.e., the set of all antiderivatives of ()), on a connected domain, is only defined up to an additive constant.
Integral calculus is the study of the definitions, properties, and applications of two related concepts, the indefinite integral and the definite integral. The process of finding the value of an integral is called integration. [47]: 508 The indefinite integral, also known as the antiderivative, is the inverse operation to the derivative.
In other languages, the shape of the integral symbol differs slightly from the shape commonly seen in English-language textbooks. While the English integral symbol leans to the right, the German symbol (used throughout Central Europe ) is upright, and the Russian variant leans slightly to the left to occupy less horizontal space.
The x antiderivative of y and the second antiderivative of f, Euler notation. D-notation can be used for antiderivatives in the same way that Lagrange's notation is [ 11 ] as follows [ 10 ] D − 1 f ( x ) {\displaystyle D^{-1}f(x)} for a first antiderivative,
This visualization also explains why integration by parts may help find the integral of an inverse function f −1 (x) when the integral of the function f(x) is known. Indeed, the functions x(y) and y(x) are inverses, and the integral ∫ x dy may be calculated as above from knowing the integral ∫ y dx.
Thus, the integral of the velocity function (the derivative of position) computes how far the car has traveled (the net change in position). The first fundamental theorem says that the value of any function is the rate of change (the derivative) of its integral from a fixed starting point up to any chosen end point.