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In nuclear physics and particle physics, the strong interaction, also called the strong force or strong nuclear force, is a fundamental interaction that confines quarks into protons, neutrons, and other hadron particles. The strong interaction also binds neutrons and protons to create atomic nuclei, where it is called the nuclear force.
The force between quarks is known as the colour force [6] (or color force [7]) or strong interaction, and is responsible for the nuclear force. Since the theory of electric charge is dubbed " electrodynamics ", the Greek word χρῶμα ( chrōma , "color") is applied to the theory of color charge, "chromodynamics".
Comparison between the Nuclear Force and the Coulomb Force. a – residual strong force (nuclear force), rapidly decreases to insignificance at distances beyond about 2.5 fm, b – at distances less than ~ 0.7 fm between nucleons centres the nuclear force becomes repulsive, c – coulomb repulsion force between two protons (over 3 fm, force becomes the main), d – equilibrium position for ...
The strong nuclear force is responsible for hadronic and nuclear binding. It is mediated by gluons, which couple to color charge. Since gluons themselves have color charge, the strong force exhibits confinement and asymptotic freedom. Confinement means that only color-neutral particles can exist in isolation, therefore quarks can only exist in ...
The strength of the strong-force gluons which bind the quarks together has sufficient energy (E) to have resonances composed of massive (m) quarks (E ≥ mc 2). One outcome is that short-lived pairs of virtual quarks and antiquarks are continually forming and vanishing again inside a hadron. Because the virtual quarks are not stable wave ...
Another other notable anomaly is in the mass of the W-boson, a subatomic particle involved in the action of the weak nuclear force that governs some types of radioactivity.
The electroweak force only existed at temperatures approaching 10 15 Kelvin (about 1,800,000,000,000,000 ºF), which is why you’re not seeing much electroweak action nowadays.
Quarks have fractional electric charge values – either (− 1 / 3 ) or (+ 2 / 3 ) times the elementary charge (e), depending on flavor. Up, charm, and top quarks (collectively referred to as up-type quarks) have a charge of + 2 / 3 e; down, strange, and bottom quarks (down-type quarks) have a charge of − 1 / 3 e.