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Diabetic retinopathy (also known as diabetic eye disease) is a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina due to diabetes.It is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries and one of the lead causes of sight loss in the world, even though there are many new therapies and improved treatments for helping people live with diabetes.
It is routinely used to image Cystoid Macular Oedema and Diabetic Retinopathy among others. [ 14 ] Indocyanine Green Angiography (abbreviated ICG) is used primarily for imaging deeper choroidal diseases and utilises near-infrared diode laser of 805 nm and barrier filters allow light of 500 and 810 nm to be photographed.
Intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA) are abnormalities of the blood vessels that supply the retina of the eye, a sign of diabetic retinopathy. [1] IRMA can be difficult to distinguish from and is likely a precursor to retinal neovascularization. One way to distinguish IRMA from retinal neovascularization is to perform fluorescein ...
Epiretinal membrane or macular pucker is a disease of the eye in response to changes in the vitreous humor or more rarely, diabetes.Sometimes, as a result of immune system response to protect the retina, cells converge in the macular area as the vitreous ages and pulls away in posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).
the 2007 finding that non-diabetic family members of type 1 diabetics had increased risk for microvascular complications, [62] such as diabetic retinopathy [63] Some genes appear to provide protection against diabetic complications, as seen in a subset of long-term diabetes type 1 survivors without complications. [64] [65]
Cotton wool spots are typically a sign of another disease state, most common of which is diabetic retinopathy. [2] The irregularly shaped white patches are a result of ischemia , or reduced blood flow and oxygen, in the retinal nerve fiber layer , which is located in the distribution of the capillaries of the superficial layer of the retina. [ 2 ]
Diabetic retinopathy: is one of the manifestation microvascular complications of diabetes, which is characterized by blindness or reduced acuity. That is, diabetic retinopathy describes the retinal and vitreous hemorrhages or retinal capillary blockage caused by the increase of A1C, [68] which a measurement of blood glucose or sugar level. [69]
Mild signs of hypertensive retinopathy can be seen quite frequently in normal people (3–14% of adult individuals aged ≥40 years), even without hypertension. [4] Hypertensive retinopathy is commonly considered a diagnostic feature of a hypertensive emergency although it is not invariably present.