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The Birch reduction is an organic reaction that is used to convert arenes to 1,4-cyclohexadienes.The reaction is named after the Australian chemist Arthur Birch and involves the organic reduction of aromatic rings in an amine solvent (traditionally liquid ammonia) with an alkali metal (traditionally sodium) and a proton source (traditionally an alcohol).
Organic redox reactions: the Birch reduction. Organic reductions or organic oxidations or organic redox reactions are redox reactions that take place with organic compounds.In organic chemistry oxidations and reductions are different from ordinary redox reactions, because many reactions carry the name but do not actually involve electron transfer. [1]
A solvated electron is a free electron in a solution, in which it behaves like an anion. [1] ... A specialized use of sodium-ammonia solutions is the Birch reduction.
Electride salts are powerful reducing agents, as demonstrated by their use in the Birch reduction. Evaporation of these blue solutions affords a mirror of Na metal. If not evaporated, such solutions slowly lose their colour as the electrons reduce ammonia: 2[Na(NH 3) 6] + e − → 2NaNH 2 + 10NH 3 + H 2. This conversion is catalyzed by various ...
Arthur John Birch, AC CMG FRS FAA (3 August 1915 – 8 December 1995) was an Australian organic chemist. [1] [2] [3] [4]Birch developed the Birch reduction of aromatic rings (by treatment with lithium metal and ammonia) which is widely used in synthetic organic chemistry.
Section below was added to article itself. V8rik 17:32, 18 March 2010 (UTC) []. An Alternative, Expanded Birch Article. with Treatment of the Regioselectivity of Methoxy and Methyl Aromatics and a Complete Mechanistic Presentation (e.g. Regioselectivity of the Protonation of the Initial Radical Anion and Central Protonation of the Penultimate Cyclohexdienyl Carbanion - With Explanation of Why ...
Industrially, cyclohexenone is prepared from phenol by Birch reduction. [3] Cyclohexenone is a ketone, or more precisely an enone. Common reactions include nucleophilic conjugate addition with organocopper reagents, Michael reactions and Robinson annulations. [4] [5]
Birch reduction is a possible method to reduce reduces aromatic compounds into cycloalkenes, specifically cyclohexadiene. [ 11 ] Formation of a cycloalkane via Birch Reduction