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The Rashidun army (Arabic: جيش الراشدين) was the core of the Rashidun Caliphate's armed forces during the early Muslim conquests in the 7th century. The army is reported to have maintained a high level of discipline, strategic prowess and organization, granting them successive victories in their various campaigns.
The Fursan unit, or the early Muslim cavalry unit, was the cavalry forces of the Rashidun army during the Muslim conquest of Syria.The division, which formed the early cavalry corps of the caliphate, was commonly nicknamed the Mobile Guard (Arabic: طليعة متحركة, Tulay'a mutaharikkah or Arabic: الحرس المتحرك, al-Haras al-Mutaharikkah) or the Marching Army ( جيش ...
Omar ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (Arabic: عمر بن خطاب, romanized: ʿUmar bin Khaṭṭāb, also spelled Omar, c. 582/583 – 644) was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate on 23 August 634.
During the Rashidun Caliphate, the official language of Persia (including Mesopotamia) remained Middle Persian (Pahlavi), just as the official languages of Syria and Egypt remained Greek, both languages came to the region through the conquering Greek Macedonian and Persian Achaemenid empires.
The 3rd Rashidun Caliph, Uthman (r. 644–656) continued the policy of military expansion carried out by his predecessors, Umar and Abu Bakr.During his reign, the caliphate stretched from Tripolitania, Egypt, and Anatolia to Greater Khorasan and Sindh and reached its greatest extent in 654 CE.
Expansion of the Rashidun Caliphate under different caliphs (632–661) This is the list of battles involving the Rashidun Caliphate ranked chronologically from 632, with the first caliph Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, to the last caliph in 661, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Here is a legend to facilitate the reading of the outcomes of the battles below: Victory Defeat
Khawla bint al-Azwar (Arabic: خولة بنت الازور; died 639), was an Arab Muslim warrior in the service of the Rashidun Caliphate. She played a major role in the Muslim conquest of the Levant, and fought alongside her brother Dhiraar. She has been described as one of the greatest female soldiers in history.
The term or phrase Rashidun/"Rightly Guided" is derived from a famous [155] Sunni hadith where Muhammad foretold that the caliphate after him would last for 30 years [156] (the length of the Rashidun Caliphate) and would then be followed by kingship (the Umayyad Caliphate being hereditary and often compared to a monarchy).