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The so-called "third-generation biofuels", similar to second-generation biofuels with an emphasize on the use of algae and cyanobacteria as a source of biofuel feedstocks, have an additional advantage as they take up a relatively small fraction of space when compared to first and second-generation biofuel sources, and may also help to reduce seawater eutrophication.
In China, alternative fuel vehicles should comply with technical guidelines for the local production of alternative-fuel vehicles: they should have a shelf life of more than 100,000 kilometres (62,000 mi), and a complete charge should take less than seven hours. Up to 80% of a charge must be available after less than 30 minutes of charging.
A microreactor has been developed to convert biodiesel into hydrogen steam to power fuel cells. [ 182 ] Steam reforming , also known as fossil fuel reforming is a process which produces hydrogen gas from hydrocarbon fuels, most notably biodiesel due to its efficiency.
In Germany biodiesel is, for the most part, produced from rapeseed. Sales in Germany stood at two billion litres (about 600 million US gallons (2,300,000 m 3 )) in 2006. This amount was sufficient to meet the average yearly consumption of well over 2,000,000 automobiles.
Biodiesel production is the process of producing the biofuel, biodiesel, through the chemical reactions of transesterification and esterification. [1] This process renders a product (chemistry) and by-products. The fats and oils react with short-chain alcohols (typically methanol or ethanol). The alcohols used should be of low molecular weight.
In August 2006, Malaysia's pioneer commercial biodiesel plant started its initial operations. A total of 55,000 tons of biodiesel were produced between August and December 2006, and in 2007 production, escalated to 130,000 tons. RBD palm oil was the primary feedstock used, which accounted for 94% of the total processed palm oil for biodiesel.
Helsinki, Finland, 1 February 2012 – UPM is to invest in a biorefinery producing biofuels from crude tall oil in Lappeenranta, Finland. The industrial scale investment is the first of its kind globally. The biorefinery will produce annually approximately 100,000 tonnes of advanced second-generation biodiesel for transport.
Shelf life is the recommended maximum time for which products or fresh (harvested) produce can be stored, during which the defined quality of a specified proportion of the goods remains acceptable under expected (or specified) conditions of distribution, storage and display.