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The Atmel AVR instruction set is the machine language for the Atmel AVR, a modified Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC single chip microcontroller which was developed by Atmel in 1996. The AVR was one of the first microcontroller families to use on-chip flash memory for program storage.
The Atmel ICE is the currently supported inexpensive tool to program and debug all AVR devices (unlike the AVRISP/AVRISP mkII, Dragon, etc. discussed below). It connects to and receives power from a PC via USB, and supports JTAG , PDI , aWire , debugWIRE , SPI , SWD , TPI , and UPDI (the Microchip Unified Program and Debug Interface) interfaces.
Special function registers are in the upper area of addressable memory, from address 0x80 to 0xFF. This area of memory cannot be used for data or program storage, but is instead a series of memory-mapped ports and registers. All port input and output can therefore be performed by memory move operations on specified addresses in the SFR region.
ATmega328 is commonly used in many projects and autonomous systems where a simple, low-powered, low-cost micro-controller is needed. Perhaps the most common implementation of this chip is on the popular Arduino development platform, namely the Arduino Uno, Arduino Pro Mini [4] and Arduino Nano models.
Atmel Mega88V with 8 KB Flash memory Variant ATmega168 with 16 KB Flash memory. The ATmega88 is an electronic integrated circuit microcontroller produced by the Atmel corporation. It has the basic Atmel AVR instruction set. One of the packaging configurations is the dual in-line package . It has 23 I/O pins and operates at up to 20 MHz for ...
increment, decrement in some ISAs, saving operand fetch in trivial cases. Perform bitwise operations, e.g., taking the conjunction and disjunction of corresponding bits in a pair of registers, taking the negation of each bit in a register. Compare two values in registers (for example, to see if one is less, or if they are equal).
C Programming for Microcontrollers, a book for learning to program AVRs using C, was written for the Butterfly as development platform. [6] [7] The Butterfly Logger is an open source data logger based on the AVR Butterfly. [8] The Butteruino project is a set of libraries to integrate the AVR Butterfly with the Arduino development environment. [9]
In 2007, Atmel launched the second AVR32: The AVR32 UC3 core. This is designed for microcontrollers, using on-chip flash memory for program storage and running without an MMU (memory management unit). The AVR32 UC3 core uses a three-stage pipelined Harvard architecture specially designed to optimize instruction fetches from on-chip flash memory ...