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  2. Valuation (finance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valuation_(finance)

    Financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) show many assets based on their historic costs rather than at their current market values. For instance, a firm's balance sheet will usually show the value of land it owns at what the firm paid for it rather than at its current market value. But ...

  3. What are assets, liabilities and equity? - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/assets-liabilities-equity...

    To balance your books, the accounting equation says assets should always equal liabilities plus equity. But if you need a business loan or line of credit, understanding the relationship between ...

  4. Financial statement analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_statement_analysis

    Financial statement analysis (or just financial analysis) is the process of reviewing and analyzing a company's financial statements to make better economic decisions to earn income in future. These statements include the income statement , balance sheet , statement of cash flows , notes to accounts and a statement of changes in equity (if ...

  5. Balance sheet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_sheet

    In financial accounting, a balance sheet (also known as statement of financial position or statement of financial condition) is a summary of the financial balances of an individual or organization, whether it be a sole proprietorship, a business partnership, a corporation, private limited company or other organization such as government or not-for-profit entity.

  6. Mark-to-market accounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark-to-market_accounting

    For commercial banks and other types of financial services companies, some asset classes are required to be recorded at fair value, such as derivatives and marketable equity securities. For other types of assets, such as loan receivables and debt securities, it depends on whether the assets are held for trading (active buying and selling) or ...

  7. Equity (finance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equity_(finance)

    Businesses summarize their equity in a financial statement known as the balance sheet (or statement of net position) which shows the total assets, the specific equity balances, and the total liabilities and equity (or deficit). Various types of equity can appear on a balance sheet, depending on the form and purpose of the business entity.

  8. What are stock buybacks and why do companies use them? - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/stock-buybacks-why-companies...

    A stock buyback is one of the major ways a company can use its cash, including investing in the operations, paying off debt, buying another company and paying out the money as a dividend to investors.

  9. Retained earnings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retained_earnings

    Rather, they represent how the company has managed its profits (i.e. whether it has distributed them as dividends or reinvested them in the business). When reinvested, those retained earnings are reflected as increases in assets (which could include cash) or reductions to liabilities on the balance sheet.