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Californium-252 production diagram. Californium-252 (Cf-252, 252 Cf) undergoes spontaneous fission with a branching ratio of 3.09% and is used in small neutron sources. Fission neutrons have an energy range of 0 to 13 MeV with a mean value of 2.3 MeV and a most probable value of 1 MeV. [11]
252 Cf is a very strong neutron emitter, which makes it extremely radioactive and harmful. [24] [25] [26] 252 Cf, 96.9% of the time, alpha decays to curium-248; the other 3.1% of decays are spontaneous fission. [11] One microgram (μg) of 252 Cf emits 2.3 million neutrons per second, an average of 3.7 neutrons per spontaneous fission. [27]
249 Cf ƒ: 242m Am ƒ: 141–351 a No fission products have a half-life in the range of 100 a–210 ka ... 241 Am ƒ: 251 Cf ƒ [11] 430–900 a 226 Ra № 247 Bk 1.3–1.6 ka 240 Pu 229 Th 246 Cm ƒ: 243 Am ƒ: 4.7–7.4 ka 245 Cm ƒ: 250 Cm 8.3–8.5 ka 239 Pu ƒ: 24.1 ka 230 Th № 231 Pa № 32–76 ka 236 Np ƒ: 233 U ƒ: 234 U № 150 ...
The heaviest elements such as uranium have close to 1.5 neutrons per ... Decay product Short Long 252 Cf: ... Decay product 249 Cf: α: 351 a 5.813+.388 245 Cm: 245 ...
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Some isotopes undergo spontaneous fission (SF) with emission of neutrons.The most common spontaneous fission source is the isotope californium-252. 252 Cf and all other SF neutron sources are made by irradiating uranium or a transuranic element in a nuclear reactor, where neutrons are absorbed in the starting material and its subsequent reaction products, transmuting the starting material into ...