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  2. Optical rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_rotation

    Optical rotation, also known as polarization rotation or circular birefringence, is the rotation of the orientation of the plane of polarization about the optical axis of linearly polarized light as it travels through certain materials. Circular birefringence and circular dichroism are the manifestations of optical activity.

  3. Specific rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_rotation

    Specific rotation is an intensive property, distinguishing it from the more general phenomenon of optical rotation. As such, the observed rotation ( α ) of a sample of a compound can be used to quantify the enantiomeric excess of that compound, provided that the specific rotation ( [α] ) for the enantiopure compound is known.

  4. Stereoisomerism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoisomerism

    Stereoisomerism about double bonds arises because rotation about the double bond is restricted, keeping the substituents fixed relative to each other. [5] If the two substituents on at least one end of a double bond are the same, then there is no stereoisomer and the double bond is not a stereocenter, e.g. propene, CH 3 CH=CH 2 where the two ...

  5. Optical rotatory dispersion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_rotatory_dispersion

    Short wavelengths are rotated more than longer wavelengths, per unit of distance. Because the wavelength of light determines its color, the variation of color with distance through the tube is observed. [citation needed] This dependence of specific rotation on wavelength is called optical rotatory dispersion. In all materials the rotation ...

  6. Mental image - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_image

    The types of rotation tests used by Shepard and Metzler One theory of the mind that was examined in these experiments was the "brain as serial computer" philosophical metaphor of the 1970s. Psychologist Zenon Pylyshyn theorized that the human mind processes mental images by decomposing them into an underlying mathematical proposition.

  7. Glossary of diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_diabetes

    Milligrams per deciliter. How much glucose (sugar) is in a specific amount of blood. In self-monitoring of blood glucose, test results are given as the amount of glucose in milligrams per deciliter of blood. A fasting reading of 70 to 110 mg/dL is considered in the normal (nondiabetic) range. (This is the standard measurement of blood sugar in ...

  8. Inverted sugar syrup - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_sugar_syrup

    Finding when r = 0.85 shows that the optical rotation of the solution after hydrolysis is done is −12.7° this reaction is said to invert the sugar because its final optical rotation is less than zero. A polarimeter can be used to figure out when the inversion is done by detecting whether the optical rotation of the solution at an earlier ...

  9. Mental rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_rotation

    Mental rotation has been studied to try to figure out how the mind recognizes objects in their environment. Researchers generally call such objects stimuli. Mental rotation is one cognitive function for the person to figure out what the altered object is. Mental rotation can be separated into the following cognitive stages: [2]