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Humans normally have five digits on each extremity. Each digit is formed by several bones called phalanges, surrounded by soft tissue. Human fingers normally have a nail at the distal phalanx. The phenomenon of polydactyly occurs when extra digits are present; fewer digits than normal are also possible, for instance in ectrodactyly.
The ordinal numbers of the fingers of the human hand are numbered ambiguously in the English language. This is due to two competing finger numbering systems that can be used. For instance, the first finger might refer to either the thumb or the index finger, depending on the context.
The human hand usually has five digits: four fingers plus one thumb; [3] [4] these are often referred to collectively as five fingers, however, whereby the thumb is included as one of the fingers. [ 3 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It has 27 bones, not including the sesamoid bone , the number of which varies among people, [ 7 ] 14 of which are the phalanges ...
Human hand anatomy (pentadactyl) In biology, dactyly is the arrangement of digits (fingers and toes) on the hands, feet, or sometimes wings of a tetrapod animal.The term is derived from the Greek word δακτυλος (dáktylos) meaning "finger."
The English word finger stems from Old English finger, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *fingraz ('finger'). It is cognate with Gothic figgrs, Old Norse fingr, or Old High German fingar. Linguists generally assume that *fingraz is a ro-stem deriving from a previous form *fimfe, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pénkĘ·e ('five'). [34]
A real differentiation appeared an estimated 70 mya in early primates, while the shape of the human thumb CMC finally appears about 5 mya. The result of this evolutionary process is a human CMC joint positioned at 80° of pronation, 40 of abduction, and 50° of flexion in relation to an axis passing through the second and third CMC joints. [40]
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Dactylos - Ancient Greek finger breadth; Digit - length of a human finger Digitus - Ancient Roman digit; Etzba - fingerbreadth; Fathom - the distance between the fingertips of a human's outstretched arms; Finger; Fistmele - the measure of a clenched hand with the thumb extended; Gradus - Ancient Roman step; Hand - breadth of a human hand