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This is a list of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands. Antarctic islands are, in the strict sense, the islands around mainland Antarctica, situated on the Antarctic Plate, and south of the Antarctic Convergence. According to the terms of the Antarctic Treaty, claims to sovereignty over lands south of 60° S are not asserted. [1]
Bouvet Island is one of the most remote islands in the world. [50] The closest land is Queen Maud Land of Antarctica, which is 1,700 km (1,100 mi) to the south, [7]: 58 and Gough Island, 1,845 km (1,146 mi) to the north. [51] The closest inhabited location is Tristan da Cunha island, 2,250 km (1,400 mi) to the northwest. [19]
Antarctica is the southernmost continent on Earth. While Antarctica has never had a permanent human population, it has been explored by various groups, and many locations on and around the continent have been described. This page lists notable places in and immediately surrounding the Antarctic continent, including geographic features, bodies ...
Okino Torishima Island Ishigaki Island (southernmost inhabited point) Cape Sata (four main Islands) 20°25′N 24°44′N 30°59′N Bangladesh: Chera Dwip, St. Martin's Island border with Myanmar at Dakhinpara, Teknaf Upazila, Chittagong Division (mainland) 20°35′N 20°45′N Western Sahara: Cape Blanc (Ras Nouadibhou) 20°47′N Morocco*
The islands are part of a submerged microcontinent called the Kerguelen Subcontinent. [25] The microcontinent emerged substantially above sea level for three periods between 100 million years ago and 20 million years ago. The so-called Kerguelen Subcontinent may have had tropical flora and fauna about 50 million years ago. The Kerguelen ...
During the time period between 1947 and 1988, the total area of Heard Island's glaciers decreased by 11%, from 288 km 2 (roughly 79% of the total area of Heard Island) to only 257 km 2. [22] A visit to the island in the spring of 2000 found that the Stephenson, Brown and Baudissin glaciers, among others, had retreated even further.
Macquarie Island is a subantarctic island in the south-western Pacific Ocean, about halfway between New Zealand and Antarctica. [1] Regionally part of Oceania and politically a part of Tasmania , Australia , since 1900, it became a Tasmanian State Reserve in 1978 and was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.
Most of the islands lie near the southeast edge of the largely submerged continent centred on New Zealand called Zealandia, which was riven from Australia 60–85 million years ago, and from Antarctica 85–130 million years ago.