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The War Hawks not only blamed Great Britain for economic struggles and humiliation faced during Napoleonic Wars, but they also argued that Great Britain had overstepped neutral trade agreements. [12] [13] Additionally, the War Hawks discussed the issue of American seaman impressment which violated maritime rights.
The term "war hawk" was coined in 1792 and was often used to ridicule politicians who favored a pro-war policy in peacetime. Historian Donald R. Hickey found 129 uses of the term in American newspapers before late 1811, mostly from Federalists warning against Democratic-Republican foreign policy.
The American Peace Society was formed in 1828 by the merger of the Massachusetts Peace Society and similar societies in New York, Maine, and New Hampshire. The War of 1812 is less well known than 20th-century U.S. wars, but no other war had the degree of opposition by elected officials.
The Secret Journal of the Hartford Convention, published 1823. The Hartford Convention was a series of meetings from December 15, 1814, to January 5, 1815, in Hartford, Connecticut, United States, in which New England leaders of the Federalist Party met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the political problems arising from the federal government's increasing power.
According to Historian Andrew Lambert, the British had one main goal as a response to the invasion of the Canada, that was the prosecution of war against the United states and to defend British North America: "The British had no interest in fighting this war, and once it began, they had one clear goal: keep the United States from taking any part of Canada". [12]
The term war hawk developed early in American history as a term for one who advocates war. On one episode of the American television show Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In that aired in 1970, Dan Rowan made the following joke: [2] [better source needed] On the Vietnam issue, I have a friend who says he's a chickenhawk.
While American popular memory includes the British capture and the August 1814 burning of Washington, which necessitated extensive renovation, [14] it focused on the victories at Baltimore, Plattsburgh, and New Orleans to present the war as a successful effort to assert American national honor, or a Second War of Independence, in which the mighty British Empire was humbled and humiliated. [15]
List of conflicts in the British America is a timeline of events that includes Indian wars, battles, skirmishes massacres and other related items that occurred in Britain's American territory up to 1783 when British America was formally ended by the Treaty of Paris and replaced by British North America and the United States.