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The composition of Jupiter's atmosphere is similar to that of the planet as a whole. [1] Jupiter's atmosphere is the most comprehensively understood of those of all the giant planets because it was observed directly by the Galileo atmospheric probe when it entered the Jovian atmosphere on December 7, 1995. [28]
Neon in the upper atmosphere consists of 20 parts per million by mass, which is about a tenth as abundant as in the Sun. [54] Jupiter's helium abundance is about 80% that of the Sun due to the precipitation of these elements as helium-rich droplets, a process that happens deep in the planet's interior.
Microwave Radiometer (MWR) is an instrument on the Juno orbiter sent to planet Jupiter. [2] MWR is a multi-wavelength microwave radiometer for making observations of Jupiter's deep atmosphere. [3] MWR can observe radiation from 1.37 to 50 cm in wavelength, from 600 MHz to 22 GHz in frequencies.
Astronomers used the James Webb Space Telescope to newly detect a high-speed jet stream over the equator of Jupiter. Webb telescope spots never-before-seen feature in Jupiter’s atmosphere Skip ...
NASA's Juno spacecraft captured this view of Jupiter during the mission's 54th close flyby of the giant planet Sept. 7, 2023.
Juno is also searching for clues about how Jupiter formed, including whether the planet has a rocky core, the amount of water present within the deep atmosphere, and how the mass is distributed within the planet. Juno also studies Jupiter's deep winds, [58] [59] which can reach speeds of 600 km/h. [60] [61]
Storms on Jupiter form ammonia-rich hail — called mushballs — in the atmosphere of the giant planet, new research reveals. Investigators believe these tempests play an important role in ...
The visible cloud tops of Jupiter and Saturn provides further evidence on its deep atmospheric circulation demonstrating the presence of atmospheric super-rotation. [8] Jupiter's auroras, in particular, highlight the planet's rapid atmospheric movements through their ethereal glow and varying cloud depths.