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  2. Apparent magnitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparent_magnitude

    star Sun: seen from Venus at perihelion −26.832: star Sun: seen from Earth [16] about 400,000 times as bright as mean full Moon −25.60: star Sun: seen from Mars at aphelion: −25.00: Minimum brightness that causes the typical eye slight pain to look at: −23.00: star Sun: seen from Jupiter at aphelion −21.70: star Sun: seen from Saturn ...

  3. Sky brightness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_brightness

    Along the ecliptic plane there are enhancements in the zodiacal light where it is much brighter near the Sun and with a secondary maximum opposite the Sun at 180 degrees longitude (the gegenschein). In extreme cases natural zenith sky brightness can be as high as ~21.0 mag/arcsec², roughly twice as bright as nominal conditions.

  4. Magnitude (astronomy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitude_(astronomy)

    Stars that have magnitudes between 1.5 and 2.5 are called second-magnitude; there are some 20 stars brighter than 1.5, which are first-magnitude stars (see the list of brightest stars). For example, Sirius is magnitude −1.46, Arcturus is −0.04, Aldebaran is 0.85, Spica is 1.04, and Procyon is 0.34.

  5. Red supergiant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_supergiant

    AGB stars may develop spectra with a supergiant luminosity class as they expand to extreme dimensions relative to their small mass, and they may reach luminosities tens of thousands times the sun's. Intermediate "super-AGB" stars, around 7-9 M ☉, can undergo carbon fusion and may produce an electron capture supernova through the collapse of ...

  6. Limb darkening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb_darkening

    Limb darkening is an optical effect seen in stars (including the Sun) and planets, where the central part of the disk appears brighter than the edge, or limb. [1] Its understanding offered early solar astronomers an opportunity to construct models with such gradients.

  7. Sun - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun

    The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.It is a massive, nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion reactions in its core, radiating the energy from its surface mainly as visible light and infrared radiation with 10% at ultraviolet energies.

  8. Here's Why You've Stopped Seeing the Stars in Your ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/heres-why-youve-stopped-seeing...

    In other words, less light might just be the key to better sleep. Read on to learn more about the effects of light pollution—and how to combat it. Light Pollution's Already Keeping You Up at Night

  9. Giant star - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_star

    Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10 times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants . A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and ...