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Normal levels of ALP range from (44 to 147) U/L (units per liter) and significantly elevated levels may be an indication of conditions such as various types of cancer, bone diseases such as Paget disease, liver diseases such as hepatitis, blood disorders, or other conditions.
This article provides a list of autoimmune diseases. These conditions, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, affect a range of organs and systems within the body. Each disorder is listed with the primary organ or body part that it affects and the associated autoantibodies that are typically found in people diagnosed ...
The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP, alkaline phenyl phosphatase, also abbreviated PhoA) is a phosphatase with the physiological role of dephosphorylating compounds. The enzyme is found across a multitude of organisms, prokaryotes and eukaryotes alike, with the same general function, but in different structural forms suitable to the environment they function in. Alkaline phosphatase is found ...
GGT is also elevated in 30% of the hepatitis C patients. GGT can increase by 10 times in alcoholism. GGT can increase by 2 to 3 times in 50% of the patients with non-alcoholic liver disease. When GGT levels is elevated, the triglyceride level is elevated also. With insulin treatment, the GGT level can reduce.
Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited blood disorders, caused by a genetic abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells. [57] Under certain circumstances, this leads to the red blood cells adopting an abnormal sickle -like shape; with this shape, they are unable to deform as they pass through capillaries ...
An elevated level of alkaline phosphatase in the blood in combination with normal calcium, phosphate, and aminotransferase levels in an elderly patient are suggestive of Paget's disease. Markers of bone turnover in urine eg. Pyridinoline; Elevated levels of serum and urinary hydroxyproline are also found.
Diseases and disorders DAS Developmental apraxia of speech: DBA Diamond–Blackfan anemia: DBMD Duchenne–Becker muscular dystrophy DD Developmental disability: DEF Deaf: DF Dengue fever: DH Developmentally handicapped: DHF Dengue hemorrhagic fever: DHF Diastolic heart failure: DHPR Dihydropteridine reductase deficiency: DI Diabetes insipidus: DIC
In immunology, immunoproliferative disorders are disorders of the immune system that are characterized by the abnormal proliferation of the primary cells of the immune system, which includes B cells, T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, or by the excessive production of immunoglobulins (also known as antibodies). [citation needed]