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A History of Spain and Portugal. Vol. I and II. New York: The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-299-06270-8. Petrie, Sir Charles (1952). The History of Spain. Part II: From the Death of Phillip II to 1945. New York: The MacMillan Company. Pierson, Peter (1999). The History of Spain. Westport: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-30272-3.
Initial Muslim victory, conquering the coastal areas of Iberian Peninsula and establishing some colonies on the coast of Spain to help the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb. Areas lost soon after due to the general disorder in the Muslim empire, re-occupied by Visigoths. Byzantine incursion against Visigoth Spain (694/702/703)
A French force under General Louis Bonneau detached from the French First Corps and invaded the frontier on August 8, 1914. Opposing them was the German 7th Division . The capture of the area, preordained by the French Plan XVII , was to boost national pride—and to provide a guard force for the flank of subsequent invasions.
Serbia is invaded by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Bulgaria. October 12 Politics: Edith Cavell executed. October 14 Politics: Bulgaria declares war on Serbia [24] October 14 – November 9 Balkan, Serbian: Morava Offensive, a phase of the Central Powers Invasion of Serbia, Bulgarians break through Serbian lines. October 14 – November 15
Before World War II, the events of 1914–1918 were generally known as the Great War or simply the World War. [1] In August 1914, the magazine The Independent wrote "This is the Great War. It names itself". [2] In October 1914, the Canadian magazine Maclean's similarly wrote, "Some wars name themselves. This is the Great War."
Envoys from Russia and Britain to Bukhara were treated with arrogance and contempt, and in 1848 two British officers were imprisoned and killed. In the early 1860s the Bukharans managed to fend off Russian advances, but in May 1866 they were defeated.
The Emirate of Bukhara (Persian: امارت بخارا, romanized: Imārat-i Buxārā, [6] Chagatay: بخارا امیرلیگی, romanized: Bukhārā Amirligi) was a Muslim-Uzbek polity in Central Asia [7] that existed from 1785 to 1920 in what is now Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan.
Since it was far from the presumed theatre of war, Bukhara was allotted relatively few troops. As with the Mongol army, there is also debate as to the size and composition of the Shah's forces. The chronicler Juvaini states that 50,000 were sent to aid Otrar, and that there were at least 20,000 in Bukhara. [24]